Indra Kumar 'Bikalpa'

gfd              M OGb|s'df/ hf]zL

;flxlTos gfd    M OGb|s'df/ æljsNkÆ

hGd ldlt       M @)!*÷)&÷)@

hGd:yfg     M dNnfh dfemkmf+6 uflj; #, kj{t

a'afsf] gfd     M :j= uf]kLdfg hf]zL

cfdfsf] gfd   M gGbs'df/L hf]zL

>LdtLsf] gfd M nIdLs'df/L hf]zL

5f]/f÷5f]/L M lzlz/, ;GWof, z'esfdgf, gLzf, dlgiff

7]ufgf       M wf}nflu/L c~rn, kj{t lhNnf lzjfno –*, s'Zdf

              kmf]g –)^&$@)))%, df]jfOn – (*$&^@)$!&

k|sflzt s[ltx? M

             – ;Demgfsf 8f]jx? ( sljtf ;ª\u|x–@)$$, @)^@)

             – dgsf v';Lx? ( sljtf ;ª\u|x –@)%@)

                     – b'O{ cfTdfsf] ldng  pkGof; –(@)%^,@)^@)

                     – e'Nsfx? ( d'Qms ;ª\u|x – @)%*)

             – ;j{bnLo 3/  (n3'syf ;ª\ux –@)^))

             – nfnLu'/fF; km'Ng] dg - uhn ;ª\u|x – @)^@)

             – a}F;sf /x/x?  (syf ;ª\u|x —@)^#)

             -lg:tf] ;Demf}tf -syf ;ª\u|x —@)^$_

klxnf] k|sflzt /rgf M k'/:sf/ -syf –@)#&_, …lzIff s'z'dÚ ;d;fdlos ;+sng

;Dkfbs     M k|ltef ;fdlos ;+sng–@)#*, s'Zdf, kj{t

  sfnLsf] ;';]nL —q}dfl;s (@)%$ b]lv)

                xf};nf—;d;fdlos ;flxTo ;+sng–@)^^

                :j0f{dxf]T;j :dfl/sf @)^^, >L gf/fo0f pdflj, s'Zdf kj{t

          M  M wjnflul/ :kGbg  (w}nflul/ c~rnsf] klxnf] uhn ;ª\u|x –@)%()     

            M ;flxTokysf ofqLx?  (sfnLsf] ;';]nL !( sf] ljz]if cÍ – @)^#)

k|wfg ;Dkfbs  M (afn ;';]nL @)%* b]lv)

;+/Ifs         M rf}tf/L dfl;s  (@)^) b]lv)

;Nnfxsf/     M df]bL–sfnL ;fKtflxs / wf}nflul/ c~rnaf6 k|sflzt ljleGg    

   ;flxlToskqklqsfx?

k|sfzf]Gd'v    M  d]/f OGb]|0fL ;kgfx?  (sljtf ;ª\u|x )

;+nUg ;flxlTos ;+3 ;+:yfx? M

               – kj{t ;flxTo ;+udsf] ;:yfks cWoIf— @)%$ — @)^# / xfn ;+/Ifs

               – wf}nflul/ afª\odo ;dfh –;+:yfks pkfWoIf

               – wf}nflul/ ;flxTo k|lti7fg, afun'ª – ;b:o

–  s?0ff ;flxTo ;dfh, afun'ª – cfhLjg ;b:o                            

–  df]tL k':tsfno kmn]jf;, kj{t – cfhLjg ;b:o

               – k'ikf~hnL – lrtjg, cfhLjg ;b:o

               – xfd|f] dem]/L ;flxTo k|lti7fg, e/tk'/ lrtjg – klZrdf~rn ;Nnfxsf/

               – hgdt dfl;s, sfe|] – ;+/Ifs

–  ;+/If0f sljtf cfGbf]ng, g]kfn – ;b:o

–   

;fdflhs ;+3 ;+:yfdf ;+nUgtf M

               – nfoG; Sna ckm lzjfno s'Zdf, kj{t– ;+:yfks ;b:o ÷ k|yd pkfWoIf

               – ;fdflhs kl/j{tg tyf sNof0f k|lti7fg,g]kfn – ;+:yfks ;b:o

               – u'Kt]Zj/ wfld{s tyf ko{6sLo ;+:yf, s'Zdf, kj{t – cfhLjg ;b:o

               – kj{t pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3, kj{t – cfhLjg ;b:o÷;Nnfxsf/

               – g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L, kj{t – g]kfnL afn ;+u7g, kj{t – ;b:o

               – ljut #) jif{b]lv >L gf/fo0f pRr df=lj= s'Zdf, kj{tdf cWofkg/t

k'/:sf/÷;Ddfg

               – wf}nflul/ ;flxTo k|lti7fg afUn'ªaf6 @)$% df lxgtfaf]w sljtfsf

                       nflu ;jf{]Ts[i6 k'/:sf/

               – kj{t h];Lhaf6 @)%$ df æ kj{t lhNnfsf pTs[i6 o'jfÆ ;Ddfg

               – xfd|f] dem]/L ;flxTo k|lti7fg lrtjgaf6 æ clegGbg, ;|i6f ;DdfgÆ

                       @)^@

                 o"lge;{n kL; km]8]/]zgaf6 æzflGt b"tÆ pkfwL– @)^#

               — wflbª\ ;flxTo ;dfhaf6 ;Ddfg @)^$

               — bfdf]b/ k'8f;}gL k|ltef k'/:sf/ @)^%

               —uhn ;GWof kf]v/faf6 uhn k|ltef k'/:sf/ @)^^

               —nfoG;\ Sna ckm lzjfno s'Zdf kj{taf6 ;flxTo /Tg pkflw @)^^

               — lzNkL ;flxTo k|lti7fg / ?dfgL dfl;s sf7df8f}af6 ;Ddfg @)^^

               —>L gf/fo0f p df lj s'Zdf, kj{taf6 :j0f{ dxf]T;j ;Ddfg @)^^

               — >L 1fg]Gb| k|flj yfdh'{ª, kj{taf6 :j0f{ dxf]T;j ;Ddfg @)^^

k|z+;fkq÷sb/kq

–  g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L lhNnf zfvf, kj{t, @)#(

–  u'Kt]Zj/ ax'd'vL SofDk;, s'Zdf, @)$*

–  lzjfno pRr dflj, s'Zdf, @)%&

–  g]kfn ;f+:s[lts snfsdL{ ;+3, kj{t, @)^)

–  kj{t u'Kt]Zj/ dxf]T;j, @)^!

–  sfnLu08sL Ps]8]dL, s'Zdf, @)^!

–  (% cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o gf/L lbj;, @)^!

–  kj{t h];L;, @)^!

–  nfoG; Sna ckm lzjfno, @)^!

–  g]kfn :sfp6, sf7df08f}+, @)^@

–  ;dfh;'wf/ ;]jf d~r, kj{t, @)^$

–   ljBfdlGb/ k':tsfno, afun'ª, @)^%

–  ljZj zflGt / Pstfsf nflu kfl/jf/Ls ;+u7g, @)^%

–  nfoG; cGt/f{li6«o lhNnf @@% la g]kfn, @)^%

–  kt~hnL of]u ;ldlt, kj{t, @)^^

–  o'jf r]tgf ;fd'bflos ljsf; ;+:yf, @)^^             

;f]wkq n]vg

–  OGb|s'df/ ljsNk M JolQmTj / s[ltTj, @)^!, ;"o{ s];L -:gfts txsf] ;f]wkq, dx]Gb| ax'd'vL SofDk;, afun'ª_

–  OGb|s'df/ ljsNksf] hLjgL M JolQmTj / s[ltTjsf] cWoog, @)^#, s[i0f/fh kf}8]n -:gftsf]Q/ txsf] ;f]wkq, lqljlj, sLlt{k'/_

–  pkGof;sf/ OGb|s'df/ ljsNk / pgsf] b'O{ cfTdfsf] ldng pkGof;sf] cWoog, @)^%, k|]daxfb'/ If]qL -:gftsf]Q/ txsf] ;f]wkq, dx]Gb| ax'd'vL SofDk;, afun'ª_

–  uLtfb]jL kf}8]n

Kavita

                                               OGb|s'df/ æljsNkÆ

                                               s'Zdf, kj{t

          æzflGtsf] rfxgf

e"uf]nsf cIff+z / b]zfGt/sf

sfNklgs /]bfª\sg em}F klg,

zflGtsf] s'g} l;dfGt /]vf e]l6Psf] 5}Gf

hxfF uP/ 6Ss sf]l/lbpF

/ …………..kl/eflift ul/lbpF

clg, zflGtsf] ;';]nL xfn"F .

cft{gfb—sf]nfxnn] ;Gqf; k"0f{

e"t, jt{dfg / eljiot\

c§f]lnsfaf6 lrofO/x]5

dfq o'4sf] 3f]if0ff

lj/f]w÷k|lt/f]w

k|of]u÷k|If]k0fdf ?sln/x]5 .

5nsk6sf] of] b'lgofFdf

xj;\—xj;\—xh'/ ;Fu}

tF5f8 —d5f8 5g\

a]Rb} lx+8\g æg}ltstfÆ

st} sf]xL, g'gt]n—dl§t]n

bfneft 8's'df clNem/x]5g\

sf]xL k"j{jt,

zLtn—kjg :jR5 ;'Gb/

lxdlzv/x?,

dudufpFbf tL ;Kt/+uL km"nsf af:gfx?

xl/t k|jflxt dgdf]xs kmfF6x?

vf]Hb} ef}+tfl/O/x]5g\ .

st} sf]xL km]lS6«—sf/—df]6/sf/

/f]huf/—a]/f]huf/sf] n8fO{ nl8/x]5g\

jftfj/0f k|b"if0f

Pl;8 jiff{n] cft+lst x'Fb} 

;f; km]g{ wf} wf} dfGb}

æP8\;sf]Æ k|sf]kn] lzlyn x'Fb}

Knfli6ssf] xl/ofnLdf em'ld/x]5g\ .

                           =-wf}nf>L_

                            @)%)

       

 lxgtfaf]w

s'g} ck|Tofl;t÷ck|fs[lts

cfkm"nfO{ ;DxfNg gkfpFb}

stf stfaf6 . s;/L s;/L

lylrb}5 ef/L kxf8n] æ6fpsf]Æ

p7fpg g;Sg] u/L .

6Ss /f]lsg vf]Hb}5

gf} 8fF8f kf/ u/]/

hfg' kg{] kfOnfx?

;fob, v'§fdf g]n 7f]lsb}5g\

/………….lxDdt lznf aGb}5 .

af]nL ca?4 e}, aGb x'+b}5

dfgf} r6sLn] r'6\sL dfbf{ em}F,

/…………56kl6b}5 ælha|f]Æ

df5f tftf] afn'jfdf ˆofFlsbf em}F .

hf] d Ps :y"n z/L/

z/L/dfq e} /x]5'

/,

ck|Ttfl;t÷ck|fs[lts

d <

…dÚ geP/

Pp6f cfsf/ dfq pleO/x]5'

oGq rflnt /f]a6{ em}F

/,

d <

…dÚ geP/

lagf cd/Tjsf] dfgj e} /x]5' .

                          -@)$%_

PARBAT SAHITYA SANGAM

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\ud M Ps l;+xfjnf]sg

–        /fh]Gb| kxf8L

ljifo ;"rL

!= ;+:yf :yfkgfsf] k[i7e"ld

@= ;+:yf u7g kZrftsf k|f/lDes lbgx?

#= kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf p2]Zox?

$= ;+:yfn] ;DkGg u/]sf k|d'v ultljlwx?

%= ;+:yfsf] rf}yf] clwj]zg @)^# kZrft ;DkGg lqmofsnfkx?

^= ;+:yfsf k|d'v r'gf}ltx?

&= ;+:yfsf ;jn kIfx?

*= cfufdL lbgsf nflu k|:tfljt sfo{qmdx?

(= kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] kf“rf} clwj]zg tyf ;fwf/0f ;ef

!)= lgZsif{

!!= cg';"rL

!= ;+:yf :yfkgfsf] k[i7e"ld M

lhNnfsf cGo If]qdf Psfw k':tsfno :yfkgf eO{ ;~rfngdf cfPsf] ePtf klg ;flxlTos lqmofsnfk ug]{ Wo]on] :yfkgf ePsf ;+3;+:yfx?sf] cefj v6\ls/x]sf] cj:yfdf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\ud :yfkgf ug]{ cjwf/0ffn] 7fp“ kfPsf] b]lvG5 . lhNnf ;b/d'sfd ;d]t /x]sf] s'Zdfdf Pp6f klg ;flxlTos ;+3;+:yf cf}krfl/s ?kdf ;~rfngdf gcfPsf] l:yltdf lhNnfs} l;h{gf sfo{nfO{ ;'udtf k|bfg ug]{ p2]Zon] kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] hu xflnPsf] a'em\g sl7g kb}{g .

g]kfnL efiff, ;flxTo, snf / ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g Pj+ hu]gf{ ug]{ d"n p2]Zo /fvL cgf}krfl/s ?kdf lj;+= @)%$ ;fndf kj{tsf lqmofzLn ;flxTo ;|i6fx?sf] cu'jfOdf :yfkgf eO{ ;Dat\ @)%^ ;fndf kj{t lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf ljlwjt\ btf{ ePsf] ;flxlTos ;+:yf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] ;flRrs} kj{t lhNnf / o; j/k/sf ;flxTosf/x?sf nflu ;femf rf}tf/Lsf ?kdf cfkm"nfO{ ljsf; ul//x]sf] 5 . cfkm\gf] :yfkgfsf] ljut !# jif{df ;ª\udn] g]kfnL efiff, ;flxTo / snfsf] If]qdf h] htL of]ubfg ug{ ;s]sf] 5, of] ;a}sf ;fd' 5n{Ë ePsf] ljifo xf] . kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] ljutnfO{ kms]{/ x]bf{ df]km;ndf /x]/ klg lg/Gt/ ;flxlTos ultljlwnfO{ ;~rfng u/L cfkm\gf] cl:tTj hLljt /flv/fVg' rfgr'g] s'/f lyPg eGg] xfdLnfO{ cg'e"t ePsf] 5 . t}klg cgluGtL r'gf}tL / ca/f]wx?nfO{ kf/ ub}{ xfdLn] g]kfnL ;flxTok|ltsf] ulx/f] cg'/fu / k|]dnfO{ cIf'0f /fVg e/dUb'/ k|oTg ul//x\of}+ .

;+:yf :yfkgf ug{ hlt ;lhnf] 5, To;nfO{ lglb{i6 p2]Zo k|flKtsf] lbzfdf n}hfg TolQs} sl7g;fWo] r'gf}ltx?sf] ;fdgf ug'{kg]{ klg x'G5 . kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] klg cfkm\gf] ofqfdf s}og r'gf}lt / afwf Jojwfgx?nfO{ kf/ ub}{ cufl8 a9]sf] 5 . :yfkgfsf] ;dodf s]xL ;Lldt JolQmx?sf] cu'jfO{df ;'? ePsf] ;ª\ud cfh;Dd cfOk'Ubf wjnflul/ If]qsf ;flxTosf/x?sf] la;fpg] rf}tf/L aGg k'u]sf] 5 . ;flxlTos cf:yf, lj:jf; / lg/Gt/tfsf] w/f]x/sf ?kdf :yflkt ePsf] 5 .

jf:tjdf cfheGbf !# jif{ cl3 cyf{t\ lj=;+= @)%$ cflZjg @& ut] km"nkftLsf lbg kj{t lhNnf ltnfxf/ uflj; j8f g+= ( yfdh'{ª lgjf;L o'jfjosf hf]lznf JolQm OGb|dfg vqLsf] cu'jfOdf s'Zdf ahf/l:yt OGb|s'df/ ljsNksf] 3/df :jo+ OGb|dfg vqL, OGb|s'df/ ljsNk, 6'sgfy /]UdL / uf]kfnrGb| nfld5fg] …g'dfÚ aLrsf] 5nkmn, dGyg / cGt/lqmof a}7ssf] kl/0ffd :j?k kj{t lhNnfdf ;flxlTos /rgfx? ;+sng u/L Pp6f k':ts k|sfzg ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] b]lvG5 . lqe'jg ljZjljBfnodf g]kfnL ljifo k9\b} u/]sf OGb|dfg vqLn] cfkm\gf] :gftsf]Q/tx bf];|f] jif{df ug'{kg]{ ;f]wkqsf] t}of/Lsf l;nl;nfdf s'Zdf cfO{ vf]hlag ubf{ Toltv]/;Dd Pp6f klg ;flxlTos ;+:yf ;~rfngdf g/x]sf] yfxf kfPkl5 pxf“s} kxndf ;+:yfsf] cfjZostf dxz'if ug]{÷u/fpg] sfd ePsf] b]lvG5 . dfly plNnlvt $ hgf ;b:o pkl:yt ePsf] a}7ssf] lg0f{odf o;/L pNn]v ul/Psf] 5, ……cfh ldlt @)%$ cflZjg @& ut]sf lbg kj{t lhNnfe/ ;flxlTos ultljlw Pj+ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ p2]Zo cg'?k lgDg ;flxlTos dxfg'efjx?sf] pkl:yltdf >L OGb|s'df/ ljsNkHo"sf] 3/df e]nf e} pkl:yt dxfg'efjx? ;a}n] cfufdL @)%$ sflt{s @# ut] cf–cfkm\gf !)–!) /rgf s[ltx? ;+sng u/L k':tsfsf/sf ?kdf k|sflzt ug]{ / ;f] ubf{ nfUg] ;Dk"0f{ vr{ pkl:yt dxfg'efjx? cfkm}n] Joxf]g]{ ;d]t ;j{;Ddt lg0f{o ul/Psf] 5 .ÚÚ

o; kZrft @)%$ ;fn sflt{s @# ut] lbg]z k+yL, OGb|s'df/ ljsNk, 6'sgfy /]UdL, uf]kfnrGb| nfld5fg], gf/fo0f afa' lu/L, x/L sfsL{, OGb|dfg vqL, tf/sh+u yfkf, ;fwgf k|tLIff / an/fd >]i7 ;lxt a;]sf] a}7sn] lgDgfg';f/sf] lg0f{o ul/Psf] b]lvG5, ……g]kfnL efiff, ;flxTo, snf / ;+:s[lt ;DaGwL sfo{qmdnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg] p2]Zon] …kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udÚ gfds ;flxlTos ;+:yf :yfkgf ug]{ lg0f{o ul/G5 . pQm ;+:yfnfO{ j}wflgs ?k lbg lgs6 eljZod} ;flxTosf/x?sf] e]nf ul/g]5 .ÚÚ o;}u/L ;f]xL a}7sn] u/]sf] csf]{ lg0f{odf elgPsf] 5, ……g]kfnL efiff, ;flxTo, snf / ;+:s[ltk|lt cle?rL /fVg] dxfg'efjx?sf] n]v /rgfx? k|sflzt ug]{ nIo lnO{ >L OGb|s'df/ ljsNksf] ;Dkfbg / kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] k|sfzgdf …sfnLsf] ;';]nLÚ -;d;fdlos ;flxTo ;+sng_ gfds klqsf k|sfzg ug]{ ;j{;Ddt lg0f{o ul/G5 .ÚÚ

;+:yf;“u ;DalGwt pknAw clen]vx? cWoog ubf{ s] cjut x'G5 eg] kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] cfjZostfnfO{ ;'?sf] cj:yfdf s]xL ;Lldt JolQmx?n] dxz'if u/] / o;nfO{ Jofks agfP/ n}hfg] k|lqmofsf] yfngL eof] . kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg] qmddf lj=;+= @)%% df3 ( ut] nIdL/fh zdf{ kf}8]n, OGb|s'df/ ljsNk, 6'sgfy /]UdL, ;fwgf k|ltIff, an/fd >]i7, uf]kfnrGb| nfld5fg], uf]ljGb kxf8L, OGb|dfg vqL / u0f]zs'df/ lh=;L= ;lxtsf] a}7sn] ;+:yfsf] tby{ ;ldlt u7g ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] b]lvG5 . pQm a}7sn] u/]sf] lg0f{o cg';f/sf] kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] tby{ ;ldlt lgDgfg';f/sf] agfOPsf] b]lvG5 .

;+of]hs M OGb|s'df/ ljsNk

;b:o M nIdL/fh zdf{

;b:o M ;fwgf k|tLIff

;b:o M6'sgfy /]UdL

;b:o M uf]kfnrGb| nfld5fg]

;b:o M OGb|dfg vqL

;b:o M uf]ljGb kxf8L

;b:o M u0f]zs'df/ lh=;L=

;b:o M a;Gts'df/ sdf{rfo{

;b:o M lbg]z k+yL

;b:o M an/fd >]i7

pQm a}7saf6 ;+:yfsf] ljwfg d:of}bf tof/ u/L ;+:yf btf{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpgsf nflu # ;b:oLo ljwfg d:of}bf ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] b]lvG5 . ljwfg d:of}bf ;ldltsf] ;+of]hsdf nIdL/fh zdf{ / ;b:ox?df OGb|dfg vqL / uf]ljGb kxf8L /x]sf] b]lvG5 . o;/L xfnsf] km}ln+bf], hfUbf] / kl/:s[t kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] hGd cf}krfl/s ?kdf ePsf] b]lvG5 .

@= ;+:yf u7g kZrftsf k|f/lDes lbgx? M

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf cf/Desf lbgx? Tolt ;xh lyPgg\ eGg] s'/f c8\sn ug{ s'g} ufx|f] 5}g . tTsfnLg cj:yfdf kj{t lhNnfleq / vf;u/L ;b/d'sfd s'Zdf If]qdf vf;} ;flxlTos ultljlw ;~rfng gx'g] sf/0fn] ubf{ ;flxTok|lt cfd dflg;x?sf] ?rL, rf;f] / ;/f]sf/ gePsf] b]lvG5 . Psftkm{ ;flxTo l;h{gf / l;lh{t /rgfnfO{ k|sfzg tyf k|zf/0fsf] oyf]lrt k|jGw ug{ g;lsg] cj:yf ePsfn] ;flxTok|]dLx?df pT;fx knfpg g;s]sf] cj:yf lyof] eg] csf{tkm{ ;flxTolt/ ?rL ePsf JolQmTjx?df klg cf–cfkm\g} 8Dkm' ahfpg] k|j[lQ b]vfkl//x]sf] lyof] . o;} aLraf6 df}h'bf r'gf}ltx?;“u h'Wb} ;flxTo ;]jfdf cgj/t vl6g] cf“6sf ;fy kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] z}zj cj:yf afd] ;b}{ u/]sf] lyof] eGg] tYo o;sf cleoGtfx?;“usf] enfs';f/Laf6 yfxf x'G5 .

cl3Nnf a}7sx?n] kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\ud k|sfzs eP/ ;d;fdlos ;flxTo ;+sngsf ?kdf Pp6f k':ts k|sfzg ug]{ lg0f{o t u/]sf] lyof], t/ To;sf] sfof{Gjog ug{ cfjZos aGbf]a:t ug{ ;f]r]hlt ;lhnf] lyPg . d'gfkmf/xLt ;flxlTos ;+:yf ePsfn] bLuf] cfocfh{gsf] s'g} >f]t gePsf] cj:yfdf ;+:yfdf cfj4 ;b:ox? tyf :j]lR5s bftfx?af6 k|fKt ePsf] rGbf, pkxf/ tyf ;xof]u /sdaf6 k':ts k|sfzg ug'{kg]{ cj:yf ag]sf] b]lvG5 . ;flxlTos k':ts k|sfzg ug]{ pTs6\ rfxgfn] clek|]l/t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf tTsfnLg kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox?n] cfly{s hf]xf] ug{sf nflu Pp6f pkfo lgsfnL 5f8] . k':tssf] 5kfO{ vr{ h'6fpg pgLx?n] cfkm\gf ;b:ox?sf] aLrdf o:tf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf lgdf{0f u/L s]xL sfn;Dd nfu" u/]sf] e]l6G5 .

s_ kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] k|sflzt ug]{ …sfnLsf] ;';]nLÚ ;flxlTos klqsfdf lgoldt ?kdf % cÍ;Ddsf nlfu ;b:ox?n] cfkm\gf] /rgf ;lxt ? %)).– lbg'kg]{5 / k|sflzt …sfnLsf] ;';]nLÚ @% k|lt k|fKt u/L ;f] laqmLaf6 cfkm\gf] ? %)).– lkmtf{ lng kfOg]5 . t/ sf]xL s;}n] /rgf glbOsg ? %)).– lgoldt jf Psd'i6 @%)).– lbPdf klg k"0f{ ;b:otf lbOg]5 / x/]s k6s k|sflzt sfnLsf] ;';]nL laqmL ug{sf nflu @% k|lt ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 pknAw u/fOg]5 .

v_ t/ n]v /rgfdfq k|sfzg ug{ rfxg] JolQmnfO{ s'g} z'Ns nfUg] 5}g . o:tf JolQmx?nfO{ /rgf k|sflzt ePklg cfkm"v'zL sfnLsf] ;';]nL jf afn ;';]nL lsGg ;Sg]5g\ . o;sf ;fy} cfly{s cefjsf sf/0fn] sfnLsf] ;';]nLdf /rgf k|sflzt ePkl5 n]vs, ;|i6fx?nfO{ n]vs:j pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5}g .

;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks kbflwsf/Lx? M

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] ljwfg @)%^ sf cfwf/df lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no kj{tdf ;+:yf btf{ k|of]hgsf nflu tof/ ul/Psf] ljwfgdf pNn]v ePsf ;b:ox?nfO{ a}wflgs ?kdf ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks ;b:o dflgPsf] b]lvG5 . ;+:yf :yfkgf u/L cfhsf] cj:yf;Dd NofO{ k'¥ofpg cgluGtL ;flxTo ;h{s, ;flxTofg'/fuL, ;'e]R5's tyf ;dy{sx?sf] e"ldsf ePklg ljwfgtM o;/L ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks ;b:ox?df lgDgfg';f/sf dxfg'efjx? /xg'ePsf] b]lvG5 .

cWoIf M OGb|s'df/ ljsNk

pkfWoIf M 6'sgfy /]UdL

;lrj M OGb|dfg vqL

sf]iffWoIf M ;'eGtgfy ;'j]bL

;b:o M nIdL/fh zdf{

;b:o M u0f]zs'df/ lh=;L=

;b:o M ;fwgf k|tLIff

;b:o M uf]ljGb kxf8L

;b:o M uf]kfnrGb| nfld5fg] …g'dfÚ

;b:o M xl/axfb'/ nfld5fg]

;b:o M an/fd >]i7

#= kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf p2]Zox? M

g]kfnL efiff, ;flxTo, snf / ;+:s[ltsf] ;Da4{g, ;+/If0f / k|j4{gdf pNn]Vo e"ldsf v]Ng] d"n cleofgsf ;fy u7g ePsf] o; ;+:yfn] cfkm"nfO{ k|d'v ?kdf ;flxTo ;]jfsf If]qdf g} nufpg] nIo /fv]sf] k|i6 x'G5 . ;flxTo ;DaGwL ;f]wvf]h, cg';Gwfgsf cnfjf ;flxTo l;h{gfsf] cg's'n jftfj/0f tof/Ldf e"ldsf v]Ng klg ;+:yfn] cfkm"nfO{ cl3 ;f/]sf] cj:yf e]l6G5 . ;flxTosdL{x?sf] ;fdflhs dof{bf, ul/df / k|lti7fnfO{ p“rf] /fVgsf nflu sfd ug'{sf ;fy} ;flxTosf/x?sf] xs, clwsf/ / uf}/jsf] ;'/If0fsf nflu lqmofzLn x'g'df klg kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] uj{sf] d'xz'if u/]sf] b]lvG5 . k|:t't ljifosf ;fy} ;+:yfsf k|d'v s]xL p2]Zox?nfO{ lgDgfg';f/ ;"qa4 ug{ ;lsG5 .

!=      lhNnfsf] efiff, ;flxTo, snf / ;+:s[ltsf ljwfx? ;d]6L lgoldt ?kdf …sfnLsf] ;';]nLÚ, …afn ;';]nLÚ / …rf}tf/L dfl;sÚ k|sfzg ug]{ .

@=      ;flxTo kmf“6sf ljleGg ljwfut sfo{qmd, uf]i7L, ;]ldgf/, e]nf, hg;Dks{ u/L efiff, ;flxTo, snf / ;+:s[ltsf] ;a}df af]w u/fO{ logsf] ;+/If0fdf hfu[t u/fpg] .

#=      lhNnf e/sf lzIf0f ;+:yf jf ljBfnosf gj k|ltef, afnk|ltef / 5l/P/ /x]sf Psn k|ltefx?nfO{ ljleGg sfo{qmdx? dfkm{t Plss[t u/fpg] .

$=     ljifout If]qdf ljljw sfo{qmd ug]{ u/fpg] .

%=      ;+:yfdf cfhLjg / ;fwf/0f ;b:ox? agfO{ ;+u7g lj:tf/ ug]{ .

^=      kj{t lhNnfnfO{ /fli6«o ;flxTosf] d"nwf/df lrgfpgsf nflu ;[hgfTds, /rgfTds tyf k|efjsf/L sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug]{

&=      :yfgLo :t/df of]Uotd kfqsf] klxrfg u/L ;|:6fx?n] k'¥ofPsf] ;flxlTos of]ubfgsf af/]df cfd?kdf rrf{ kl/rrf{ ub}{ ;Ddflgt ug]{ .

*=     ;ª\udleq cfj4 tyf aflx/ /x]/ ;flxTo ;]jfsf] If]qdf vl6O/x]sf cu|h tyf gof“ ;flxTo ;|i6fx?nfO{ k'/:s[t tyf ;Ddflgt ug]{ .

(=      ljleGg ;flxlTos ;|i6fx?sf s[ltx?sf] k|sfzg tyf ladf]rg ;df/f]xx?sf] cfof]hgf ug]{ tyf To; sfo{df cfjZos         ;xof]u ug]{ .

!)=    b]zleq tyf ljb]zdf ;d]t /x]sf ljleGg ;flxlTos ;+3 ;+:yfx?;“u ;Dks{ tyf ;dGjo u/L ;du| wjnflul/ If]qs} ;flxTosf] >La[l4sf nflu lqmofzLn /xg] .

!!=     3'DtL ;flxlTos sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf dfkm{t u|fdL0f ;flxlTos sd{nfO{ a9fjf lbg] tyf ;flxTo n]vg sfo{zfnf Pj+ tflndx?sf] cfof]hgf ug]{ .

!@=    ;flxTo l;h{gfsf] dfWodaf6 ;dfhnfO{ lbzflgb]{z ug]{ tyf /fHosf lg0ff{os txdf /x]sfx?nfO{ lhDd]jf/ aGg l;h{gfdfkm{t emSemsfpg] .

!#=     kj{t lhNnf tyf wjnflul/ If]qsf] snf, ;+:s[lt tyf ;flxTosf] ljifodf vf]h tyf cg';Gwfg ug'{sf ;fy} cg';Gwfgd"ns s[ltx? tof/ u/L k|sfzg ug]{ .

!$=    /fHon] cjnDag u/]sf] ;d[4, zfGt tyf ljsl;t ;dfh agfpg] cleofgdf ;flxTosf] If]qaf6 /rgfTds, ;[hgfTds tyf ;sf/fTds 9+un] ;xof]u ug]{ .

!%=     /fi6«sf lbjª\ut ;flxTo ;|i6fx?sf] JolQmTj / s[ltTjsf] vf]h klxrfg x'g] u/L …sfnLsf] ;';]nLÚ dfkm{t k|sfzg ug]{ .

$= ;+:yfn] ;DkGg u/]sf k|d'v ultljlwx? M

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] cfkm\gf] ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo cg'?k kj{t lhNnfnfO{ k|d'v sfo{ynf] agfO{ ljleGg /rgfTds sfo{qmdx? ;DkGg ub}{ cfO/x]sf] b]lvG5 . vf;u/L kj{t lhNnfsf] ;flxlTos klqsf k|sfzgsf] If]qdf o;n] k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfg ct'ngLo g} /x]sf] 5 eGbf cltzof]QmL x'g]5}g . o;sf ;fy} wjnflul/ c~rnsf ;flxTo;]jLx?nfO{ Ps} 7fp“df hd36 u/fO{ ;flxlTos cGt/lqmof ug]{ jftfj/0f tof/ ug]{ Wo]on] c~rn:t/Lo agef]h sfo{qmd cfof]hgfsf] kl/sNkgf ug]{ >]o klg oxL ;+:yfnfO{ hfG5 . a'“bfut ?kdf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] ;Dkfbg u/]sf ultljlwx?nfO{ tk;Ln adf]lhd pNn]v ug{' pko'Qm x'G5 .

s_ klqsf k|sfzg M

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] Pp6f k|d'v lrgf/L eg]sf] o;sf] k|sfzg If]qsf] lg/Gt/tf g} xf] . o;n] lj;+= @)%$ ;fnb]lv g} ;d;fdlos ;flxlTos /rgfx?sf] ;+sngsf ?kdf …sfnLsf] ;';]nLÚ klqsf k|sfzg ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . cfh;Dd sfnLsf] ;';]nLsf @* cÍ k|sfzg e};s]sf] cj:yf 5 . ;'?jftsf lbgb]lv cfh;Dd cfly{s, ef}lts, k|fljlws tyf :t/Lo /rgfsf] cefjsf ;d:ofx?;“u lgle{stfk"j{s h'Wb} sfnLsf] ;';]nLnfO{ ;Dkfbssf] e"ldsfdf /xL lg/Gt/tf lbg ;kmn ;ª\udsf ;+:yfks cWoIf tyf ;+/Ifs ;flxTosf/ OGb|s'df/ ljsNk wGojfbsf kfq 5g\ . o;}u/L ;fgf–;fgf efOalxgLx?sf ;flxlTos l;h{gfx?nfO{ ;dfj]z u/]/ ;+:yfn] lj;+= @)%^ ;fn b]lv k|sfzg ofqf yfngL u/]sf] …afn ;';]nLÚ cfh;Dd * cÍ k|sfzg e};s]sf] 5 . afnaflnsfdf ePsf] k|ltefnfO{ k|:km'6g u/fpg ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] p2]Zo /fv]/ ;'? ul/Psf] afn klqsf …afn ;';]nLÚ nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg ;ª\udsf jt{dfg cWoIf OGb|dfg vqL ;DkfbsLo e"ldsf ;lxt sDd/ s;]/ nfu]sf b]lvG5g\ . o;}u/L ;ª\udsf ;lrj /fh]Gb| kxf8Lsf] ;Dkfbgdf …rf}tf/L dfl;sÚ ^ cÍ;Dd k|sfzg ePsf] b]lvG5 .

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] cfkm\gf k|sfzgsf cnfjf cGo ;flxlTos ;|i6fx?sf s[lt k|sfzgdf klg oyf]lrt ?rL b]vfp“b} cfPsf] b]lvG5 . o; qmddf ;ª\uds} ;+:yfks cWoIf OGb|s'df/ ljsNksf]  …e'Nsfx?Ú -d'Qms ;ª\u|x_ / al/i7 ;b:o nIdL/fh zdf{sf] …slj / pgLÚ -k|ToIf efj sfJo_ k|sfzgsf] lhDdf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] lnPsf] b]lvG5 . o;sf ;fy} OGb|s'df/ ljsNksf] ;Dkfbg tyf cf]dk|;fb 3fonsf] sfo{sf/L ;DkfbsTjdf wjnflul/ c~rns} klxnf] uhn ;~rogsf ?kdf …wf}nflul/ :kGbgÚ -uhn ;ª\u|x_ / OGb|dfg vqLsf] ;Dkfbgdf s]bf/gfy pkfWofosf] …a[4 k'sf/×Ú -sljtf÷uLt_ s[ltsf] klg ;ª\udn] k|sfzgsf] lhDdf lnPsf] b]lvG5 .

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] cfkm"n] k|sfzg ug]{ dfq geO{ cGo JolQm tyf ;+3 ;+:yfx?nfO{ ;flxlTos kqklqsf tyf k':ts k|sfzgsf nflu cfjZos xf};nf tyf cfjZos ;'emfj ;Nnfx k|bfg ul/cfPsf] b]lvG5 . kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;+:yfks cWoIf, pkfWoIf, ;lrj tyf cGo ;b:ox?sf] ;+/IfsTj, ;Nnfxsf/sf] e"ldsf tyf cGo ;xof]udf kj{t lhNnf / o; j/k/sf :yfgaf6 ;fgf–7"nf kqklqsfx? k|sfzg e}/x]sf] e]l6G5 . s]xL pNn]Vo kqklqsfx?df ;flxTo lIflth, u'Kt]Zj/, df]bL d}bfg, kj{t u'~hg, gjbLkg, ;"of]{bo, hfu/0f, sf“8faLrsf] km"n, km"nsf] y'“uf, ;flxTo k|jfx, u08sLsf 5fnx?, Ct'/Ë cflb kb{5g\ .

v_ ;+:yfsf] pb\3f6g tyf ;|i6f clegGbg sfo{qmd M

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] cf}krfl/s u7g kZrft b]zsf ljlzi6 ;flxTo ;fwsx?sf] pkl:yltdf o;sf] cf}krfl/s pb\3f6g sfo{qmd kj{t lhNnfsf] ;'Gb/ ;b/d'sfd s'Zdf ahf/df ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] . lj;+= @)%^ ;fn df3 dlxgfsf] !( ut] g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fgsf tTsfnLg pks'nklt dbgd0fL bLlIftHo"af6 Ps eAo ;df/f]xsf aLr kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] ;d'b\3f6g sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . ;f]xL sfo{qmddf g]kfnL ;flxTofsf;sf d"w{Go ;|i6fx? qmdzM k|f1 Pj+ cleJolQmsf ;Dkfbs gu]Gb|/fh zdf{, ;'k|l;4 uhnsf/ 1fg'jfs/ kf}8]n / k|f1 Pj+ ;flxTosf/ ;?eQmnfO{ kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] tkm{af6 bf];Nnf, km"ndfnf, cla/ / ;Ddfg–kqn] eJotfk"j{s ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] .

;df/f]xdf pkl:yt ljlzi7 kfx'gf u0fnfO{ ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 dfofsf] lrgf] tyf pkxf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmds} aLrdf ljleGg gof“–k'/fgf ;|i6fx?n] cf–cfkm\gf /rgf afrg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . jf:tjdf kj{t lhNnfsf] ;flxlTos Oltxf;df pQm sfo{qmd P]ltxfl;s dxTj af]s]sf] sfo{qmd lyof] eGg ;lsG5 .

u_ snf k|bz{gL sfo{qmd M

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] 3f]lift p2]Zo cg'?k g]kfnL snfsf] hu]gf{, ;Da4{g / k|j4{gdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] x]t'n] o;n] ;do ;dodf snf ;DaGwL k|bz{gL tyf snf l;h{gf sfo{zfnfx?sf] cfof]hgf ub}{ cfO/x]sf] b]lvG5 . o;} qmddf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;+:yfks sfo{;ldlt ;b:o o'jf snfsf/ tyf slj u0f]zs'df/ lh;Lsf] klxnf] Psn lrqsnf k|bz{gL cfof]hgf ug]{ cj;/ klg kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] lnPsf] b]lvG5 . lhNnf ;b/d'sfd s'Zdfdf ldlt @)%^ ;fn df3 !( ut] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lrqsnf k|bz{gLdf snfsf/ u0f]zs'df/sf lrqx? k|bz{gLdf /flvPsf lyP eg] ;f]xL sfo{qmddf …snfdf ;dfhsf] lrq0fÚ ljifodf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;d]t ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] . snfsf/ u0f]zs'df/ lh;L wjnflul/ c~rns} :yflkt snfsf/ x'g\ . ;f]xL snf k|bz{gLsf] pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf :yfgLo snfsf/x? qmdzM lzj >]i7, /fd' >]i7, ljsf; >]i7, gf/fo0fafa' lu/L / xl/ lu/Låf/f tof/ ul/Psf] cl8of] Sof;]6 …ltdL lagfÚ sf] nf]sfk{0f ul/Psf] lyof] .

3_ jgef]h sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf M

wjnflul/ c~rnleqsf ;flxTosf/, ;flxTofg'/fuL tyf cGo ;flxTo k|]dLx?sf aLrdf ;flxlTos efOrf/f / aGw'Tjsf] efjgf clea[l4 ug{ ;xof]u ug]{ Wo]on] kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] a[xt\ ;flxlTos jgef]h sfo{qmdsf] cjwf/0ff cufl8 ;f/]sf] lyof] . h; cGtu{t klxnf]k6s lj;+= @)%& ;fn kmfNu'0f @) ut] kj{t lhNnfsf] gof“k'n l:yt kljq sfnLu08sLsf] tL/df c~rnsf tLg lhNnfx? DofUbL, afun'ª / kj{tsf ;flxTosf/x?sf] ;xeflutfdf ;flxlTos jgef]h sfo{qmd ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] . s"n (^ hgf gof“–k'/fgf slj, snfsf/, kqsf/ tyf ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfsf JolQmx? pkl:yt /x]sf] pQm jgef]h sfo{qmddf ;flxlTos cGt/lqmof tyf /rgf afrg sfo{qmd ;d]t ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] .

jgef]h sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] dg;fon] ;ª\udn] k|:tfljt u/]cg'?k x/]s jif{ wjnflul/ c~rnsf rf/j6} lhNnfsf ;flxlTos ;+:yfx?n] jgef]hsf] ;+of]hg ug]{ lg0f{o ul/Psf] / ;f]xL lg0f{onfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/]sf] b]lvG5 . o;} qmddf lj;+= @)%( ;fn df3 ^ ut] efjs cleofg g]kfn wjnflul/ zfvfn] afun'ªdf c~rn:t/Lo jgef]h sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/L eAotfsf ;fy ;DkGg u/]sf] lyof] eg] lj;+= @)^) ;fndf kf}nT:o ;flxTo ;dfh DofUbLsf] ;+of]hgdf a]gLl:yt /]8qm; ejgdf a[xt jgef]h sfo{qmd ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] . o;kl5 lj;+= @)^! ;fndf wjnflul/ afªdo ;dfhsf] cfof]hgfdf afun'ª sflnsf:yfgsf] afn pBfgdf jgef]h tyf ;flxlTos /rgf jfrg sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

o;}u/L lj;+= @)^@ ;fn kmfNu'0f ^ ut] k'gM kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] jgef]h tyf ;flxlTos /rgf afrg sfo{qmd s'Zdfsf] u'Kt]Zj/ SofDk; kl/;/df ;DkGg u/]sf] lyof] . pQm jgef]h sfo{qmddf ljleGg lhNnfsf %) hgf ;flxTosf/, kqsf/, snfsf/ tyf ;flxTofg'/fuL JolQmTjx? ;xefuL x'g'x'GYof] . o;}u/L lj;+= @)^% ;fndf DofUbL ;flxTo ;dfhsf] cfof]hgfdf a]gLdf jgef]h tyf ;flxlTos sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . lj;+= @)^^ ;fnsf nflu kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] cfof]hgf ug]{ u/L lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] jgef]h sfo{qmd ljljw sf/0fn] ;f] jif{ ;DkGg x'g g;sL lj;+= @)^& a}zfv !* ut] s'Zdf l:yt gd'gf cfjf;Lo dflj kl/;/df n3' jgef]h sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/L ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmddf kj{t lhNnfsf y'k|} ;flxTosf/, kqsf/, lzIfs, k|fWofks tyf cGo ;'e]R5'sx?sf] pkl:yltdf ;flxlTos /rgf afrg sfo{qmd klg ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] . o;/L xfn;Dd s"n & j6f c~rn:t/Lo jgef]h sfo{qmd ;DkGg e};s]sf 5g\ .

ª_ c~rn:t/Lo sljtf k|ltof]lutfsf] cfof]hgf M

wjnflul/ c~rnsf] ;flxlTos dfxf]nnfO{ yk pT;flxt ug]{ tyf lj:tf/ u/fpg] nIo ;lxt o; kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] cfof]hgfdf lj;+= @)%* df g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fgsf tTsfnLg ;b:o ;lrj 8f= t'n;L e§/fO{Ho"sf] k|d'v cfltYo / g]kfn ;flxTosf/ ;+3sf ;efklt -:j=_ ljgo /fjnHo"sf] cfltYodf wjnflul/ c~rn :t/Lo v'Nnf sljtf k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm k|ltof]lutfTds sfo{qmddf s"n !#^ k|ltof]uL slj tyf sjloqLx?n] efulng' ePsf]df ljhoL k|ltof]uLx?nfO{ k'/:sf/ tyf ;xefuL dWo] pTs[i7 %) hgfnfO{ pkxf/ / k|df0fkq k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .

pQm v'Nnf sljtf k|ltof]lutfdf kj{tsf /fh]Gb| kxf8Ln] k|yd, afun'ªsf lji0f' 1jfnLn] låtLo / DofUbLsf /]vfsf}zn /]UdLn] t[tLo :yfg Pj+ ;fGtjgf :yfg k|fKt ug]{x?df qmdzM uf]ljGbk|;fb kf]v/]n, uf]ljGb g]kfnL, uf]kfnk|;fb cfrfo{, /3'gfy cfrfo{, lnnf/fd ufp“n], lzlz/s'df/ hf]zL / ofd ;+uLt>f]tf lyP . k|ltof]lutfsf] k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ;df/f]xdf k'/:s[t tyf pTs[i7 7xl/Psf sljtfx? afrg u/]/ ;'gfOPsf lyP . ;f]xL sfo{qmddf cfof]hssf] tkm{af6 cfuGt's kfx'gf u0fnfO{ pkxf/ tyf dfofsf] lrgf] k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . k|ltof]lutfdf pTs[i7 :yfg xfl;n ug{ ;kmn %) hgf ;|i6fx?sf] /rgfnfO{ …sfnLsf] ;';]nLÚ cÍ ( sljtf ljz]iffÍsf ?kdf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 .

r_ e]63f6, kl/ro tyf 5nkmn sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf M

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] :yfkgf kZrft o;n] ;~rfng ug]{ u/]sf ljljw ultljlwx?n] /fli6«o:t/df g} rf;f] a9fPsf] tyf Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf] cj:yf 5 . cfh;Dd cfOk'Ubf of] ;+:yfsf] af/]df lqe'jg ljZj ljBfno g]kfnL ljefu cGt/ut :gftsf]Q/ txdf ;f]w sfo{ klg ;DkGg e};s]sf] 5 . o; afx]s kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] ultljlw af/]df hfgsf/L /fVgsf nflu b]zsf ljleGg :yfgaf6 ;flxTosf/, ;flxTofg'/fuL tyf ;flxTok|]dL dxfg'efjx? cfpg] ug'{ ePsf] 5 . o;/L cfpg] kfx'gfx?sf aLrdf ;+:yfut kl/ro, e]63f6 tyf ;flxlTos 5nkmn Pj+ cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 .

o;/L xfdL sxf“ cfpg' x'g] JolQmTjx?;“usf] 5nkmn, enfs';f/L / cGt/lqmofaf6 kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\ud / o;;“u cfa4 ;b:ox?n] ;flxTo l;h{gfsf If]qdf ch> pmhf{ / xf}ifnf k|fKt ug]{ u/]sf 5f}+ . t;y{ lt ljlzi6 JolQmTjx?;“usf] ;flgWotfnfO{ clen]vLs/0f ug]{ p2]Zon] oxf“ pNn]v ug{' pko'\Qm xf]nf eGg] 7fg]sf 5f}+ . tyflk oxf“ kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] cfuGt's k'l:tsfdf pNn]v ePsf ;a} dxfg'efjx?sf] gfd :yfgfefjsf sf/0f h:tfsf] t:t} pNn]v ug{ c;dy{ ePsf]df Ifdfk|fyL{ ePsf] Joxf]/f lgj]bg ub{5f}+ .

ü     lj;+= @)%% df3 !( df g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fgsf tTsfnLg pks'nklt dbgd0fL bLlIft, cleJolQmsf ;Dkfbs k|sfzs gu]Gb|/fh zdf{, uhnsf/ 1fg'jfs/ kf}8]n / ;dfnf]rs /fdhLk|;fb zdf{ / ;flxTosf/ ;?eQm;“u k|yd k6s kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] pb\3f6g;“u} e]63f6 / 5nkmn ug]{ cj;/ k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . pxf“x?af6 kj{t lhNnf / wjnflul/ If]qsf] ;flxlTos ljsf;sf nflu dxTjk"0f{ ;'emfj tyf ;Nnfxx? k|fKt ePsf] lyof] .

ü     lj;+= @)%& c;f/ ^ ut] lgofqf ;flxTosf cu'jf lgdf]{xL Jof;;“u e]63f6 .

ü     lj;+= @)%& c;f/ ^ ut] x]Dhf ;flxTo kl/ifb sf:sLsf cWoIf s[i0fk|;fb kf}8]n;“u e]63f6 tyf cGt/lqmof .

ü     lj;+= @)%& c;f/ @) ut] lgjGwsf/ tyf ;dfnf]rs df]xg rfkfufO{;“u e]63f6 tyf 5nkmn ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)%* cflZjg @^ ut] g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fgsf tTsfnLg ;b:o ;lrj 8f= t'n;L e§/fO{ tyf g]kfn ;flxTosf/ ;+3sf ;efklt :j= ljgo /fjn;“u e]63f6, kl/ro tyf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)%* cflZjg @^ ut] g} wf}nflul/ ;flxTo k|lti7fgsf cWoIf sfhL /f]zg, /Tg >]i7 k'/:sf/ u'7Lsf cWoIf k|]d 5f]6f;“u e]63f6 tyf ljljw ljifodf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)%( ;fpg @% ut] afun'ª, DofUbL / u'NdLsf ;flxTosf/x? cf]dk|;fb 3fon, u+ufw/ clwsf/L …lrGtgÚ, ej leGg / lji0f' 1jfnL tyf k[YjLgf/fo0f SofDk;sf ;x–k|fWofks x'dsfGt kf08];“u e]63f6 tyf ljljw ;flxlTos ljifoj:t'df 5nkmn .

ü     lj;+= @)%( kmfNu'0f & ut] kj{t lhNnfsf ljleGg kqklqsf tyf /]l8of] :6]zg;“u ;DalGwt kqsf/ tyf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;b:o tyf kbflwsf/Lsf aLrdf kl/ro, e]63f6, cGt/lqmof tyf hnkfg sfo{qmd ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)^) ;fn c;f/ @$ ut] uhn lj1 8f= 3g:ofd Gof}kfg] …kl/>dLÚ ;“u kl/rofTds tyf ;dsfnLg uhn k|j[lQaf/] 5nkmn tyf cGt/lqmof ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)^) d+;L/ @& ut] k|l;4 ;+uLtsf/ h'h'sfhL /l~ht;“u kl/ro, enfs';f/L tyf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)^@ sflt{s !$ ut] lxdr'nL Pkm=Pd= kf]v/fsf k|ltlglw cg'/fu clwsf/L;“u e]63f6 tyf ;flxlTos ljj]rgf .

ü     lj;+= @)^@ kf}if @ ut] 5Gb arfp cleofg– @)%# sf ;+of]hs dfwj ljof]uL;“u ;flxTosf ;d;fdlos ljifoj:t' tyf g]kfnL ;flxTodf 5Gbsf] k|of]usf af/]df lj:t[t 5nkmn tyf cGt/lqmof ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)^@ df3 !^ ut] zxLb lbj;sf lbg al/i7 uhnsf/ 1fg'jfs/ kf}8]n;“u e]63f6 tyf ;d;fdlos uhn n]vg k|j[lQ ;DaGwL cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)^@ ;fn kmfNu'0f ! ut] l;4fy{ ;flxTo kl/ifb e}/xjfsf pkfWoIf tyf slj ?b| 1jfnL;“u 5nkmn tyf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)^# efb| !) ut] kf}nT:o ;flxTo ;dfh DofUbLsf cWoIf eQm sfsL{;“u e]63f6 tyf c~rnsf] ;flxlTos ultljlwaf/] 5nkmn tyf of]hgf tof/L .

ü     lj;+= @)^# ;fn cflZjg @$ ut] :ofª\hf ;flxTo k|lti7fgsf pkfWoIf lrGt' lu/L;“u kl/rofTds e]63f6 tyf ;flxlTos enfs';f/L ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)^$ c;f/ @) ut] sf7df08f}sf ;flxTosf/ 8f= t'n;L e§/fO{, ;'wf e§/fO{ / ;+v'jf;ef r}gk'/sf aljtf kf}8]n;“u e]63f6 tyf ;flxlTos cGt/lqmof ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)^% ;fn c;f/ ^ ut] bfdf]b/ k'8f;}gL k|ltef k'/:sf/ sf]ifsf] tkm{af6 kj{tsf ;flxTosf/ OGb|s'df/ ljsNk, uLtsf/ /fh]Gb| yfkf / slj uf]j4{g k"hfnfO{ k'/:s[t tyf ;Ddflgt ug]{ sfo{qmddf s'Zdfdf cfpg' ePsf bfdf]b/ k'8f;}gL k|ltef k'/:sf/ sf]ifsf ;+:yfks tyf ;flxTosf/ bfdf]b/ k'8f;}gL …lszf]/Ú, ;Nnfxsf/ tyf slj ab|Laxfb'/ sfsL{, uLtsf/ /fh]Gb| yfkf, slj uf]j4{g k"hf, xfd|f] dem]/L ;flxTo k|lti7fg lrtjgsf cWoIf k'ik clwsf/L …c~hnLÚ, OlGb/f clwsf/L …OGb'Ú, slj u08sL k'q, lblnk bf]zL, xl/ rfln;], ;]t/fh ;+ud, u0f]z zdf{ kf}8]n, lw/h lqj]qL, /fjn s[i0f, s[lqd :ofª\hfnL nufotsf ;|i6f;“u kl/rofTds tyf ;flxlTos cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] . ;f]xL cj;/df cfuGt's kfx'gfx?sf] ;+nUgtfdf ;okqL Pkm=Pd= afun'ªaf6 OGb|s'df/ ljsNksf] lgjf; s'Zdfdf ;DkGg ;fodsfnLg slj uf]i7Lsf] k|ToIf k|zf/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm k|ToIf k|zf/0fsf] ;+of]hg tyf ;~rfng o'jf slj tyf ;~rf/sdL{ k|s6s'df/ lzlz/n] u/]sf lyP .

ü     lj;+= @)^% ;fn kmfu'g * ut] gjnk/f;Lsf ;flxTosf/ tyf uhn ljz]if1 8f= 3g:ofd Gof}kfg] …kl/>dLÚ / /fwf Gof}kfg];“u ;dsfnLg uhn n]vg Pj+ ufog ;DaGwL 5nkmn ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)^^ c;f/ ^ ut] afn ;flxTo k|lti7fg g]kfnsf] cfof]hgf tyf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] ;+of]hgdf ;~rflnt afn kqsfl/tf tyf ;flxTo ;Dd]ngdf k|d'v k|lzIfssf] ?kdf s'Zdf cfpg' ePsf ;flxTosf/ sflt{s]o l3ld/] / dx]z kf}8\ofn …k|f/DeÚ nfO{ xflb{s :jfut tyf kl/ro sfo{qmdsf ;fydf ;flxlTos enfs';f/L ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)^^ efb| @( ut] dfgjclwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfhsf s]Gb|Lo dxf;lrj u+ufw/ clwsf/L …lrGtgÚ ;“u ;flxTo / dfgjclwsf/sf] ;DaGwsf af/]df kl/rrf{ sfo{qmd ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)^^ ;fn cflZjg @* ut] kf]v/]nL snfsf/ tyf lrqsf/ a'4L u'?ª, If]qnfn sfo:y / ;"o{ a/fOnL;“u ;flxTo l;h{gf / ;flxTodf snfsf af/]df cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)^^ ;fn kf}if @% ut] zfvf tYofÍ sfof{no :ofª\hfsf tYofÍ clws[t hu'nfn a:ofn / /fdrGb| uf}td;“u 5nkmn u/L kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ultljlwaf/] hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg] sfo{qmd ;DkGg .

ü     lj;+= @)^^ kf}if @* ut] g'jfsf]6 ;flxTo k|lti7fgsf ;efklt >L/fd >]i7;“u df]km;nsf] ;flxlTos ultljlwaf/] 5nkmn tyf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg .  

5_ dfl;s ;flxTo rf}tf/L ;~rfng M

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] kj{t lhNnf / o; j/k/ /x]sf ;flxTosf/, snfsf/, ;+uLtsdL{, n]vs, kqsf/ tyf gful/s hLjgsf ljleGg lgsfodf lqmofzLn JolQmx?sf] ;xeflutfdf x/]s dlxgfsf] clGtd zlgjf/sf lbg cfof]hgf ug]{ u/L ;ª\udsf ;lrj /fh]Gb| kxf8Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf dfl;s ;flxTo rf}tf/Lsf] yfngL u/]sf] lyof] . x/]s dfl;s rf}tf/Ldf k|ltli7t ;flxlTos JolQmTj tyf ;dfhdf pNn]Vo of]ubfg lbPsf JolQmTjnfO{ cfdGq0f u/]/ ;~rfng ul/g] of] sfo{qmdn] lgs} rrf{ sdfpg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . of] ;flxTos rf}tf/Ldf ;flxTo l;h{gfx? k|:t't ug]{, uLt, ;+uLt / snf ljifodf cGt/lqmof ug]{ cflb lqmofsnfk ;DkGg ul/G5 . lj;+ @)%( ;fn kmfNu'0f @$ ut] zlgaf/af6 cf/De ul/Psf] pQm sfo{qmd cGt/ut xfn;Dd #% ;f}+ la;f}gLx? ;DkGg e};s]sf 5g\ eg] b]zsf] ljifd kl/:yltsf sf/0fn] :yug ul/Psf] pQm sfo{qmd xfn /fh]Gb| kxf8L, e/tljjz kf}8]n / j}ejbLk >]i7sf] cu'jfO{df k'gM ;~rfngdf /x]sf] 5 .

h_ a[xt ;flxTo ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf

kj{t u'Kt]Zj/ dxf]T;j– @)^! sf] cj;/df cfof]hgf ul/Psf] a[xt ;flxTo ;Dd]ngsf] eAo ;kmntfsf nflu tTsfnLg kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf cWoIf OGb|s'df/ ljsNksf] ;+of]hsTjdf ul7t a[xt ;flxTo ;Dd]ng cfof]hs pk–;ldlt cGt/ut /xL o; ;ª\udn] pNn]vgLo of]ubfg lbPsf] lyof] . …nf]s ;+:s[lt / ;Dkbfsf] hu]gf{, ko{6g k|j4{g u'Kt]Zj/ u'kmfsf] ;+/If0f ;Dj4{gÚ eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy cfof]hgf ul/Psf] kj{t u'Kt]Zj/ dxf]T;j–@)^! sf] cj;/df cfof]lht a[xt ;flxTo ;Dd]ng dxf]T;j d"n cfof]hs ;ldltsf ;+of]hs b'uf{k|;fb >]i7sf] cWoIftf tyf wjnflul/ ;flxTo k|lti7fg afun'ªsf cWoIf sfhL /f]zgsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf @)^! ;fn df3 !% ut] s'Zdf ahf/l:ylt pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf] ;efxndf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . pQm ;Dd]ngdf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf sfo{ ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox?n] ;Dd]ng ;kmntfsf nflu pNn]Vo e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{sf ;fy} cf–cfkm\gf /rgf afrg klg u/]sf lyP . lhNnf leq / aflx/sf 8]9;o eGbf a9L ;flxTosf/ tyf ;flxTofg'/fuLx?n] efu lnPsf] pQm ;Dd]ngnfO{ ck|ToIf ?kdf xhf/f}+ bz{sx?n] ;xeflutf hgfPsf lyP .

em_ s[lt ljdf]rg sfo{qmdx?

·        kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] ;do ;dodf cfkm\gf ;b:o tyf cGo ;flxTosf/x?sf] s[lt ljdf]rg ug]{ sfo{qmdx?sf] klg cfof]hgf ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . o;} cGtu{t @)^) a}zfv @& ut] ltnfxf/ l8d'jfdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf …;'gfv/LÚ klqsfsf] ljdf]rg sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm klqsfsf] ljdf]rg gf/fo0f pRr dfWolds ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofks a;Gtaxfb'/ l;s]n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . pQm cj;/df afn lrqsnf k|bzgLsf] klg cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g ;dfh;]jL b]j]Gb| ljqmd dxtn] vfnL sfuhdf lrq sf]/]/ ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

·        o;}u/L @)^) ;fn ebf} @& ut] ;ª\udsf cWoIf OGb|s'df/ ljsNksf] n3'syf ;ª\u|x …;j{bnLo 3/Ú sf] ljdf]rg ug]{ sfo{qmd s'Zdf ahf/sf] lzjfno rf]sdf /x]sf] xf]6n 6k Og 6fpgdf /flvPsf] lyof] . pQm s[ltsf] ljdf]rg ;flxTosf/ tyf ;f] sfo{qmdsf k|d'v clylt k|]d 5f]6faf6 ePsf] lyof] eg] ljdf]lrt s[ltsf] ;dLIff kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf tTsfnLg ;lrj OGb|dfg vqLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] s[ltsf k|sfzs /fdrGb| hf]zLn] z'esfdgf dGtJo /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . ;ª\udsf pkfWoIf 6'sgfy /]UdLsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg pQm ljdf]rg sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng tyf ljdf]lrt s[ltsf af/]df ;+lIfKt l6Kk0fL ;ª\udsf ;lrj /fh]Gb| kxf8Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

·        @)^! ;fn c;f/ @ ut] efg' hoGtLsf] ;Gbe{df ;ª\udsf ;b:o s[i0fk|;fb k/fh'nL …lzz'Ú åf/f lnlvt efjsfJo …/ftf] cf“z'Ú sf] ljdf]rg sfo{qmd /flvPsf] lyof] . pQm s[ltsf] ljdf]rg /Tg >]i7 k'/:sf/ u'7L afun'ªsf cWoIf k|]d 5f]6fn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] ljdf]lrt s[ltsf af/]df ;dLIff ;ª\udsf tTsfnLg ;lrj OGb|dfg vqLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

·        o;}u/L @)^! ;fn ebf} !@ ut] kf]v|]nL ;|i6f ;? eQmsf] k|d'v cflyTodf ;ª\udsf ;b:o ;/:jtL zdf{ …lh1f;'Ú sf] …gf/Lsf] cfJxfgÚ -uLtL sfJo_ sf] ljdf]rg sfo{qmd /flvPsf] lyof] . uLtL sfJosf] ;dLIff ;ª\udsf ;b:o ;'eGtgfy ;'j]bLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

·        @)^@ kmfNu'0f ^ ut] kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;b:o od 9'ª\ufgf s]=;L=sf] s[lt …hLjgsf nx/x?Ú syf ;ª\u|x / gj/fh bfxfn …pT;fxLÚ åf/f ;Dkflbt uhnk|wfg klqsf …gj/;Ú ljdf]rg sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm b'a} s[ltsf] ljdf]rg sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly sfhL /f]zgn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

·        kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;b:o >L s[i0fk|;fb k/fh'nL lzz'sf …Jofs/0f ;f]kfgÚ -gJosfJo_ / …t'n;LkqÚ -v08sfJo_ sf] lj=;+= @)^% df 5Gb arfp cfGbf]ngsf cleoGtf ;flxTosf/ dfwj ljof]uLsf] k|d'v cfltYodf ljdf]rg sfo{qmd ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] .

·        kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;+:yfks ;b:o al/i7 ;flxTosf/ nIdL/fh zdf{ kf}8]nsf] k|ToIf efjsfJo …slj / pgLÚ sf] ljdf]rg klg ;ª\udsf] cfof]hgfdf @)^% ;fndf ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] . k|:t't s[ltsf] ljdf]rg

`_ cGo ;flxlTos ;+3 ;+:yfx?df ;+:yfut k|ltlglwTj

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] :yfkgf kZrft o;sf] cu'jfO{ ug'{ePsf ljleGg JolQmTjx?n] cGo ;flxlTos ;+3 ;+:yfx?df k|d'v cltly, ljlzi6cltly, cltly, ;|f]t JolQm, k|lzIfs tyf lg0ff{os cflbsf ?kdf ;xeflutf hgfpg' ePsf] 5 eg] cfh;Dd klg of] qmdn] lg/Gt/tf kfO/x]sf] 5 . kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] g]kfnL efiff, ;flxTo, snf / ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f tyf k|j4{gdf k'¥ofPsf] pNn]Vo of]ubfgsf] sb/ ub}{ b]zsf ljleGg :yfgdf /x]sf ;+3 ;+:yfn] cfdGq0f ug]{ u/]sf] s'/fn] ;ª\udsf] ;fv clea[l4df ;sf/fTds ;xof]u k'lu/x]sf] 5 . o;/L ;ª\udsf] prfOnfO{ emg\ dfly p7fpg ;+:yfut k|ltlglwTj ul/Psf s]xL sfo{qmdx?sf af/]df oxf“ 5f]6f] ?kdf pNn]v ug'{ pko'Qm x'g]5 .

s_         kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;+:yfks cWoIf tyf ;+/Ifs OGb|s'df/ ljsNkn] ;+:yfut ?kdf ;+/If0f sljtf cfGbf]ng g]kfn;“u ;dGjo u/L ljleGg :yfgdf x'g] u/]sf ;flxlTos sfo{qmdx?df ;+:yfut ?kdf ;lqmo k|ltlglwTj ul//x]sf] .

v_ ;+:yfks cWoIf >L ljsNkHo"n] wjnflul/ c~rnsf ljleGg :yfgdf x'g] y'k|} ;flxlTos uf]i7L, ;df/f]x, ;]ldgf/, cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd, ;flxlTos k|ltof]lutf cflbdf k|d'v cltly, ljlzi6cltly, lg0ff{os Pj+ ;|f]t JolQmsf ?kdf lg/Gt/ ;xeflutf hgfpg] ug'{ePsf] .

u_ >L ljsNkn] c~rns} k|ltlglwd"ns ;flxlTos ;+:yf wjnflul/ jfªdo ;dfhsf] pkfWoIfsf] ?kdf e"ldsf lgjf{x ul//xg' ePsf] .

3_ g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fgsf] cfof]hgfdf kf]v/fdf ePsf] slj uf]i7Ldf ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 ;+:yfks cWoIf OGb|s'df/ ljsNkn] efu lng'ePsf] .

ª_ g]kfnL snf ;flxTo 86 sd / kf]v/]nL ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/sf] cfof]hgfdf kf]v/fdf ePsf] tLg lbj;Lo snf ;flxTo ofqf l;h{gf pT;j sfo{qmddf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] tkm{af6 >L ljsNkHo"n] g} k|ltlglwTj ug'{ ePsf] .

r_ kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] tkm{af6 @)^) ;fndf a|Dxs'df/L OZj/Lo ljZj ljBfnosf] cfof]hgfdf ef/tsf] /fh:yfg l:yt dfpG6 cfa'df ePsf] cGt/fli6«o ldl8of sGkm/]G;df ;+:yfks cWoIf OGb|s'df/ ljsNk / @)^! Dff ;ª\udsf tTsfnLg ;lrj tyf jt{dfg cWoIf OGb|dfg vqL / ;b:o ;/:jtL zdf{ …lh1f;'Ú n] efu lng' ePsf] .

6_ ;ª\udsf kbflwsf/L ;Ddflgt Pj+ k'/:s[t

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] :yfkgfsfnb]lv xfn;Dd sfo{;ldltdf /xL lqmofzLn /xg'ePsf kbflwsf/Lx? ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfaf6 pxf“x?n] ;flxlTos tyf ;fdflhs÷;f“:s[lts If]qdf k'¥ofpg' ePsf] of]ubfgsf] sb/ ub}{ ;Ddflgt tyf k'/:s[t x'g'ePsf] 5 . o;/L ;Ddflgt tyf k'/:s[t x'g'x'g] kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox?df ;j{>L OGb|s'df/ ljsNk, OGb|dfg vqL, 6'sgfy /]UdL, nIdL/fh zdf{ kf}8]n, /fh]Gb| kxf8L, uf]kfnrGb| nfld5fg], uf]ljGb kxf8L, ;fwgf k|tLIff, u0f]zs'df/ lh;L, ;/:jtL zdf{ …lh1f;'Ú, eQm sfsL{, if8fgGb kf}8\ofn, t'n;L kf}8]n, e/tljjz kf}8]n, bfdf]b/ 3tfg], df]x/fh zdf{ jfUn], od 9'ª\ufgf s]=;L=, ejleGg, cf/=s]= clbKt lul/, s[i0ffb]jL zdf{ >]i7, k'ik clwsf/L …c~hnLÚ, w|'jnfn zdf{, nIdLk|;fb zdf{, nfnrGb| /fhe08f/L, vu]Gb| lul/ …sf]lknfÚ, huGgfyk|;fb nD;fn, k|s6s'df/ lzlz/, an/fd pkfWofo /]UdL, afa'/fd ;'j]bL, ?b| 1jfnL, zf]efsfGt uf}8]n, ;bfgGb cefuL, Clifk|;fb nfld5fg], l8=cf/= zdf{, cf]dk|;fb 3fon, u+ufw/ clwsf/L …lrGtgÚ, cg'/fu clwsf/L, j}ejbLk >]i7, x]df sfsL{ nufotsf ;b:ox? x'g'x'G5 .     

%= ;+:yfsf] rf}yf] clwj]zg @)^# kZrft ;DkGg lqmofsnfkx? M

;flxTo l;h{gfsf] If]qdf nfUg]x?nfO{ x]osf] b[li6n] x]g]{, j]jf:tf ug]{ / of] kmf“6nfO{ cg'Tkfbs dfGg]x?sf] ;+Vof pNn]Vo ePsf] xfd|f] d'n'sdf /fHon] klg ;flxTosf] >Lj[l4sf nflu vf;} k|efjsf/L sfd ug{ g;Sg' cfkm}df b'Mvsf] ljifo xf] . j:t'tM efiff, ;flxTo, snf / ;+:s[ltsf] v]tLn] tTsfn} k|ltkmn glbg ;Sb5 t/ cGttf]uTjf lo ;a} /fi6«sf pGgt w/f]x/x? x'g\ . /fHosf] ljsf; s] slt ePsf] 5 of /fHo slt ;Da[4 / ;d'Ggt 5 eg]/ dfkg ug{ Tof] b]zsf] efiff ;flxTosf] cj:yfnfO{ cfwf/ agfOg] cGt/f{li6«o dfGotf ljsf; e}/x]sf] cj:yfdf xfd|f] d'n'sdf eg] ;f] adf]lhdsf] Jojxf/ ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/njfnfx?n] k|:t't ug{ ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ .

cj:yf h] h:tf] ePklg ;flxTo If]q ;dfhsf] ;fj{ef}lds dxTjsf] If]q xf], h;n] j:t'nfO{ h:tfsf] t:t} b]vfpg] bk{0fsf] ?kdf sfd ub{5 . ;dfhsf] pxfkf]x;“u} o;sf] cu|ult, k|ult / ;d'n ?kfGt/0fsf nflu sfd ug'{ ;flxTo If]qsf] ceLi6 xf] . oltv]/ d'n's kl/jt{gsf] ;+3f/df pleO/x]sf] 5, oxL ;dodf ;flxTosf] l;h{gfdfkm{t xfdLn] s] slt of]ubfg lbg ;S5f}+ < of] uDeL/ k|Zgsf] pQ/ klxNofpg /fhg}lts bn, ltgsf g]tf, gful/s ;dfhsf ;b:o tyf cGo ;/f]sf/jfnf ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] rgfvf] b[li6 k'¥ofpg' kg]{ ePsf] 5 . xfdL ;flxTo ;h{sx? klg cf–cfkm\gf l;h{gfdfkm{t lgbfPsfnfO{ hufpg], hfu]sfnfO{ p7fpg] / pl7;s]sfnfO{ bf}8fpg] lhDd]jf/L lgjf{x ug{ ;t{stfk"j{s nfUg'kg]{ l:ylt 5 .

kj{t lhNnfnfO{ sfo{If]q agfP/ :yfkgf ePsf] o; kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] klg cfkm"nfO{ ;flxTo;]jfsf] u'?Q/ bfloTjaf6 leGg /fv]sf] 5}g eGg] s'/fdf 9'Ss x'g ;lsg] s]xL cfwf/x? xfdLn] tof/ u/]sf 5f}+ eGbf cGoyf xf]nf h:tf] nfUb}g . ;Dat\ @)%^ ;fndf ljlwjt\ ?kdf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no kj{tdf ;+3 ;+:yf btf{ P]g @)#$ cg';f/ btf{ g+= $%!÷@)%^–)%& ;lxt btf{ eO{ ;flxlTos lqmofzLntf cufl8 a9fPsf] o; kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] xfn;Dd y'k|} sfo{x? ;Dkfbg ul/;s]sf] 5, h;sf af/]df dfly klg pNn]v e};s]sf] 5 .

;ª\udsf] rf}yf] clwj]zg ;Dat\ @)^# ;fndf ;DkGg ePotf ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] lqmofzLntfnfO{ ljleGg If]qaf6 cufl8 a9fp“b} cfPsf] 5 . rf}yf] clwj]zgn] ;+:yfsf] g]t[Tjdf OGb|dfg vqLnfO{ rog ul/;s] kl5 pxf“sf] ;an cu'jfO{df ljleGg :yfgLo, cf~rlns tyf s]Gb|Lo sfo{qmdx? klg ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] df}h'bf sfo{;ldltsf] jt{dfg ;lrjsf] ?kdf ;ª\udsf] @)^# ;fnkl5 xfn;Ddsf] ultljlwx?nfO{ lgDgfg';f/ a'“bfut ?kdf k|:t't ug]{ cg'dtL rfxG5' .

;DkGg ultljlwx? M

!=      k|To]s jif{ g]kfnL lxGb" wdf{nDaLx?sf dxfg\ rf8 kj{x? ljhofbzdL, lbkfjnL tyf gof“ jif{sf] cj;/ kf/]/ ;ª\udsf kbflwsf/Lx?, ;b:ox? tyf cGo ;flxTofg'/fuLx?sf] pkl:yltdf z'esfdgf cfbfg–k|bfg tyf ;flxlTos /rgf jfrg sfo{qmdx? lgoldt ?kdf cfof]hgf ub}{ cfOPsf] 5 .

@=     x/]s jif{ g]kfnL afª\do kmf“6sf d'w{Go JolQmTjx? qmdzM nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6fsf] ;Demgfdf nIdL hoGtL, efg'eQmsf] ;Demgfdf efg' hoGtL, df]tL/fd e§sf] ;Demgfdf df]tL hoGtL cflb h:tf hoGtL dgfpg] tyf ;flxlTos /rgf jfrg sfo{qmdx?sf] cfof]hgf ug]{ u/L cfOPsf] 5 .

#=      kj{t lhNnf / vf;u/L s'Zdf If]qsf] ;flxlTos dfxf}nnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg] tyf gof“–k'/fgf ;|i6fsf] aLrdf ;flxTo l;h{gf ug]{, Pscsf{df ;'gfpg] Pj+ k|sfzg ug]{ p2]Zoaf6 k|]l/t eP/ dfl;s ;flxTo rf}tf/L ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] eg] o;nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lb+b} cfOPsf] 5 .

$=     kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] ljut nfdf] ;dob]lv k|sfzg ub}{ cfPsf] ;d;fdlos ;flxTo ;ª\ufnf] sfnLsf] ;';]nLnfO{ q}dfl;s agfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no tyf k|]; sfplG;ndf ljlwjt btf{ u/L k|df0fkq k|fKt ul/Psf] 5 eg] xfn;Dd cfOk'Ubf sfnLsf] ;';]nLn] s]jn wjnflul/ If]q dfq xf]Og klZrdf~rn If]qs} pTs[i7 ;flxlTos k':tssf] k|VoftL sdfO/x]sf] hfgsf/L k|:t't ug{ kfp“bf xfdL k'nlst ePsf 5f}+ . o;sf] HjnGt pbfx/0fsf ?kdf lqe'jg ljZj ljBfno, sLlt{k'/ g]kfnL ljefudf cWoog/t >L 3g:ofd kf}8]nn] g]kfnL ;flxTodf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] of]ubfg ljifodf ;f]wkq–@)^% tof/ u/]sf] s'/fnfO{ lng ;lsG5 .

%=      o;}aLrdf xfdLn] dfl;s ;flxTo rf}tf/Ldf jfrg ePsf /rgfx? ;+sng u/]/ rf}tf/L dfl;s klqsfsf] k|sfzg cf/De u/]sf lyof}+ eg] ljut & jif{ cufl8b]lv afnfaflnsfx?nfO{ s]lGb|t u/]/ afn ;';]nL ;d;fdlos afn ;flxTo ;+sng k|sfzg ub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ .

^=      lj=;+= @)^$ ;fndf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;+:yfks ;b:o nIdL/fh zdf{ kf}8]nåf/f lnlvt …slj / pgLÚ k|ToIf efjsfAo k|sfzg ug]{ lhDd]jf/L klg ;ª\udsf] tkm{af6 cWoIf OGb|dfg vqLn] lng'ePsf] lyof] .

&=      xfdLn] xfd|f ultljlwx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] lhNnfleq dfq ;Lldt ul//x]sf 5}gf}+ . DofUbL ;flxTo ;dfhsf] cu|;/tfdf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] tkm{af6 ;Dat\ @)^% ;fndf @) ;f}+ e"kL :d[lt lbj; dgfpg ;ª\udsf ;b:ox? ;d]l6Psf] * hgfsf] 6f]nLn] d':tfª lhNnfsf] sf]afª, 6's'r] x'“b} d'lQmgfy;Ddsf] ofqf kf/ u/]sf] lyof] . o;}u/L ;Dat\ @)^& ;fn h]i7 ! ut] d':tfª lhNnfsf] sf]afª / @ ut] 6's'r]df cfof]lht @! ;f}+ e"kL :d[lt lbj; ;df/f]xdf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;+/Ifs OGb|s'df/ ljsNk, cWoIf OGb|dfg vqL, ;lrj /fh]Gb| kxf8L, ;b:o /fds[i0f zdf{, lzj l/dfn, cf/s] clbKt lul/ / ;lagf kf}8]nn] efu lng'ePsf] lyof] .

*=     g]kfnL afª\dosf] If]qdf lqmofzLn cGo IF]qsf ;flxlTos ;+3 ;+:yfn] cfof]hgf u/]sf ljleGg sfo{qmd, cleofg tyf ;df/f]xx?df o; kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox?n] ;lqmo ;xeflutf hgfp“b} cfpg' ePsf] 5 . ;+/If0f sljtf cfGbf]ng cGt/ut ;~rflnt k|foM ;a}h;f] sfo{qmdx?df o; ;ª\udsf ;+/Ifs OGb|s'df/ ljsNk, cWoIf OGb|dfg vqL / ;b:o cf/=s]= clbKt lul/ tyf 8L=cf/= zdf{n] ;xeflutf hgfp“b} cfpg' ePsf] 5 .

(=     o; ;ª\udsf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox?n] ljleGg ;dodf lhNnfleq / aflx/ cfof]hgf ePsf ;flxlTos uf]i7L, ;df/f]x, k|ltof]lutf cflbdf ;xhLs/0f, cltYotf tyf lg0ff{ossf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ul/cfpg' ePsf] 5 . kl/0ffd:j?k ;ª\udsf] klxrfg / pkl:yltnfO{ hLjGt /fVg ;xof]u k'lu/x]sf] cj:yf 5 .

!)=    ljleGg /fli6«o dxTjsf rf8\af8x? tyf ;flxlTos dxf]T;jx?df ;ª\udsf] tkm{af6 ljleGg 5fkf dfWod tyf ljB'tLo dfWoddfkm{t z'esfdgf k|sfzg tyf k|;f/0f ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . h;sf] dfWodaf6 b'/b/fh / df]km;ndf /xg'ePsf ;flxTo ;h{s tyf ;flxTofg'/fuLsf aLr ;ª\udsf] kl/ro ulx/f] u/L :yflkt x'g d2t k'lu/x]sf] l:ylt 5 .

!!=    ljleGg cj;/x?df ;ª\udsf] ;+of]hgdf cfof]lht ;flxlTos sfo{qmdx?sf] wjnflul/ If]qsf Pkm=Pd= :6]zgx? qmdzM wjnflul/ Pkm=Pd=, ;okqL Pkm=Pd=, afun'ª Pkm=Pd=, kj{t Pkm=Pd= / lbbLalxgL Pkm=Pd= af6 k|ToIf k|zf/0fsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] ul/Psf] 5 . o;} qmddf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;+/Ifs OGb|s'df/ ljsNknfO{ bfdf]b/ k'8f;}gL k|ltef k'/:sf/ sf]ifn] s'Zdfdf cfof]hgf u/]sf] k'/:sf/ k|bfg tyf ;Ddfg sfo{qmdsf] k|ToIf k|zf/0f ug]{ sfo{ wjnflul/ Pkm=Pd=n] u/]sf] lyof] . pQm k|ToIf k|zf/0f sfo{qmdsf] ;+of]hg o'jf slj tyf ;~rf/sdL{ df]x/fh zdf{n] u/]sf lyP . o;}u/L gjjif{ @)^& sf] pknIodf OGb|dfg vqLsf] lgjf; gd'gf cfjf;Lo dfljaf6 z'esfdgf cfbfg–k|bfg tyf sljtf afrg sfo{qmdsf] :yfgLo lbbLalxgL Pkm=Pd=n] k|ToIf k|zf/0f u/]sf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmdnfO{ k|ToIf k|zf/0fsf] ;+of]hg ;ª\udsf cfhLjg ;b:o tyf ;~rf/sdL{ dg' ;'j]bLn] u/]sL lyOg\ . o;afx]s dfly plNnlvt Pkm=Pd=x?n] cGo ljleGg ;do tyf ;Gbe{x?df xfd|f sfo{qmdx? k|ToIf k|zf/0f u/L u'g nufPsf 5g\ . o;sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] plNnlvt Pkm=Pd= :6]zgx? wGojfbsf kfq 5g\ .

!@=    ;Dat\ @)^^ c;f/ % / ^ ut] lhNnf:t/Lo afn ;flxTo tyf kqsfl/tf ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf u/L !( j6f ljleGg ljBfnosf 5fq–5fqfx?nfO{ ;[hgzLn n]vg tyf kqsfl/tf ;DaGwL cfwf/e"t tflnd pknAw u/fOPsf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmddf sf7df08f}af6 ;flxTosf/ sflt{s]o l3ld/] / dx]z kf}8\ofn ;xhstf{sf ?kdf pkl:yt x'g'ePsf] lyof] . ;Dd]ngdf s"n &# hgf afnaflnsf tyf cGo JolQmTjx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf cWoIf OGb|dfg vqLsf] ljz]if kxndf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] k|:t't sfo{qmdn] n]Vg rfxg] y'k|} efOalxgLx?nfO{ lgs} /rgfTds ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] ;a}n] cg'ej u/]sf lyP .

!#=    kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] cfJxfgdf z'?jft ul/Psf] wjnflul/ c~rn:t/Lo jgef]h sfo{qmdsf] kl5Nnf] >[ª\vnfsf ?kdf lj=;+= @)^% ;fndf DofUbL ;flxTo ;dfhn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] c~rn:t/Lo ;flxlTos agef]h tyf /rgf jfrg sfo{qmddf o; kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] cu'jfO{df sl/a !# hgf ;b:ox? a]gLdf cfof]lht agef]hdf ;xefuL eO/sf] lyof] .

!$=    ldlt @)^% c;f/ & ut] o; kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;+:yfks cWoIf tyf jt{dfg ;+/Ifs >L OGb|s'df/ ljsNk nufotsf ;flxTosf/x?nfO{ bfdf]b/ k'8f;}gL k|ltef k'/:sf/ sf]if, sf7df08f}af6 k|bfg ul/Psf] bfdf]b/ k'8f;}gL k|ltef k'/:sf/ tyf ;Ddfg sfo{qmdsf] Joj:yfkgsf] lhDd]jf/L klg ;ª\udn] u/L sfo{qmdnfO{ eJotfsf ;fy ;DkGg ug{ ;xof]u u/]sf] lyof] .

!%=     kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;b:o >L s[i0fk|;fb k/fh'nL lzz'sf Jofs/0f ;f]kfg -gJosfJo_ / t'n;Lkq -v08sfJo_ sf] lj=;+= @)^% df 5Gb arfp cfGbf]ngsf cleoGtf ;flxTosf/ dfwj ljof]uLsf] k|d'v cfltYodf ljdf]rg sfo{qmd ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] .

!^=     kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] cfly{+s lqmofsnfknfO{ ;xh, k|efjsf/L / kf/bzL{ agfpg] x]t'n] u08sL ljsf; a}+sdf art vftf ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 .

^= ;+:yfsf k|d'v r'gf}ltx? M

;flxTo If]qnfO{ x]g]{ ;du| b[li6sf]0faf6 kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ultljlwx?nfO{ cf“sng ug]{ k|j[lQ ljBdfg /x]sf] b]lvG5 . /fHo, /fHo ;Da4 lgsfox?, gful/s ;dfh / cfd hg;d'bfosf] jfªdo kmf“6nfO{ x]g]{ k/Dk/fut b[li6sf]0f, ;flxTosf/, slj, snfsf/nfO{ d"NofÍg ug]{ ;f3'“/f] lrGtgaf6 of] ;+:yfn] klg cfkm"nfO{ cnu /fVg ;s]sf] 5}g . of] ;+:yf klg ck]Iffs[t ?kaf6 cufl8 a9\g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . hlt ug'{ kb{Yof] Tolt ug{ ;lsPsf] cj:yf 5}g . o;sf k5fl8 y'k|} sf/0fx? lhDd]jf/ 5g\ . s]xL k|d'v sf/0fx?nfO{ lgDgfg';f/ k|:t't ug{ ;lsG5 .

Ø     ;flxTok|ltsf] ;/sf/L lgsfox?sf] r/d j]jf:tfsf sf/0f ;flxTocg's'n jftfj/0fsf] cefj .

Ø     ;flxlTos ultljlw ;~rfngsf nflu k|ofKt cfly{s tyf cGo ;fwg ;|f]tsf] cefj .

Ø     ;d'bfosf ljleGg tx, tKsf / If]qsf dflg;x?sf] ;flxTonfO{ x]g]{ vf]6k"0f{ b[li6sf]0f .

Ø     ;flxTo, snf / ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g / k|j4{gsf nflu k|ofKt sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ug{ g;Sg' .

Ø     ck]lIft 9+un] ;+:yfnfO{ Jofks ?kdf lhNnfleq / aflx/ lj:tf/ ug{ g;lsg' .

Ø     ;dfhdf n]Vg], k9\g]x?sf] ;+Vof a[l4 gx'g' / n]Vg], k9\g] tyf l;h{gfdf h'6\g]x?nfO{ k|f]T;fxg / xf}ifnf lbg] sfd gx'g' .

Ø     ;+:yfn] k|sfzg ul//x]sf ;a} ;flxlTos klqsfx?nfO{ ;|f]t ;fwgsf] Go"gtfsf sf/0f lg/Gt/tf lbg g;lsg' .

Ø     ;+:yfdf cfa4 kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox?n] ;flxlTos sfo{sf nflu k|ofKt ;do ljlgof]hg ug{ c;dy{ x'g' .

Ø     :yfgLo lgsfo tyf lhNnf :t/sf ;/sf/L sfof{nox?n] ;flxlTos klqsf k|j4{gsf nflu vf;} pNn]Vo of]ubfg gu/]sf sf/0f klqsf k|sfzgdf sl7gfO{ .

Ø     lhNnfdf /x]sf ;flxlTos ;+3 ;+:yfx? dWo] h]i7 ;+:yf ePsfn] ;a};“u ;Dks{ / ;dGjo sfod u/L cufl8 a9\g' kg]{df ljleGg sf/0fn] To;f] ug{ g;lsg' .

Ø     ;f+u7lgs k4ltnfO{ hLjGt /fVg sl7gfO{ b]vf kg'{ .

Ø     ;+:yfsf] cfhLjg tyf ;fwf/0f ;b:otfnfO{ Jofks ?kdf lj:tf/ ug{ g;lsg' .

&= ;+:yfsf ;jn kIfx? M

;txdf b]lvPsf h] h:tf r'gf}lt / ckm\7\of/fx? eP klg kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] cfkm\gf 3f]lift nIo p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu cfkm\gf] :yfkgfsfnb]lv cfhko{Gt y'k|} /rgfTds, l;h{gzLn / pNn]Vo ultljlwx? ;~rfng ul/cfPsf] 5 . ;flxTo If]qdf ;a} ;do vlr{P/ u'hf/f ug]{ cj:yf galg/x]sf] cj:yfdf o; ;+:yfdf cfa4 JolQmx?n] klg :jfefljs ?kdf cfkm\gf] k"/} ;do ;flxTodf lbPsf] cj:yf 5}g . t;y{ hLljsf]kfh{gsf cGo sfdaf6 pa|]sf] ;do ;b'kof]u u/]/ h] hlt ul/Psf] 5, ;dsfnLg cj:yfdf To;nfO{ gh/cGbfh ug{ ldNb}g . jf:tjdf lhNnfleq ;flxTo l;h{gfsf] If]qdf vf;} s]xL lqmofsnfkx? ;~rfng geO/x]sf] k[i7e"lddf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] h] hlt ug{ ;s]sf] 5 To;n] kj{t lhNnfsf] klxrfgnfO{ lj:tf/ ug{ ;xof]u k'u]sf] lgisif{ lgsfNg ;lsG5 . :yfkgf kZrft kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] cfkm"nfO{ h] h;/L k|:t't ul//x]sf] 5, To;sf ;jn kIfx?nfO{ a'“bfut ?kdf lgDgfg';f/ pNn]v ug{ ;lsG5 .

§        lhNnfsf al/i6 tyf :yflkt ;flxlTos ;|i6fx?sf] ;DnUgtf ePsf] .

§        ;flxTo If]qdf lqmofzLn lhNnfs} ;a}eGbf k'/fgf] ;+:yf .

§        ;+:yfleq gof“–k'/fgf ;flxTosdL{, n]vs tyf snfsf/x?sf] pkl:ylt÷hd36 .

§        c~rn tyf If]qLo :t/df g} k|ltli7t ;flxlTos klqsfx? k|sfzg ul//x]sf] .

§        cGo ;+3 ;+:yfx?;“u ;Dks{ ;dGjo :yflkt u/]/ y'k|} ;flxlTos ultljlw ;~rfng ul//x]sf] .

§        /fli6«o :t/df :yflkt ;flxTosf/x?;“usf] /fd|f] ;DaGw tyf s]Gb|Lo :t/sf ;flxlTos ;+3 ;+:yfx?;“u ;'dw'/ ;DaGw :yflkt ePsf] .

§        b]zsf ljleGg :yfgdf /x]/ ;flxTo l;h{gfdf h'6\g' ePsf JolQmTjx?sf] k|]/0ff, ;fy / xf}ifnf kfO/x]sf] cj:yf .

§        lgoldt ?kdf ;flxlTos lqmofsnfkx? ;~rfng ul//x]sf] l:ylt .

§        /fli6«o tyf If]qLo:t/df cof]hgf x'g] ;flxlTos lqmofsnfkx?df lhNnfsf] k|ltlglwTj u/L ;xeflutf hgfpg] ul/Psf] cj:yf .

§        lhNnfsf ljleGg If]qx?df :yfkgf eO{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf SofDk;, pRr dfWolds ljBfno, dfWolds ljBfno tyf lghL lzIf0f ;+:yfx?;“u ;dGjo :yfkgf u/L /rgfTds tyf l;h{gzLn ;flxlTos sfo{qmdx? cfof]hgf ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf .

*= cfufdL lbgsf nflu k|:tfljt sfo{qmdx? M

·        ;+:yfn] k|sfzg ub}{ cfPsf sfnLsf] ;';]nL / afn;';]nLsf] k|sfzgnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] .

·        dfl;s ;flxTo rf}tf/LnfO{ k'gM cfof]hgf ug]{ tyf rf}tf/L ;flxTo klqsfsf] k'gM k|sfzgsf nflu cfjZos k|jGw u/L sfof{/De ug]{ .

·        kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\ud cGt/ut Pp6f ;flxlTos k'/:sf/ sf]ifsf] :yfkgf oyfzL3| ug]{ .

·        ;ª\udsf] cfhLjg ;b:otf tyf ;fwf/0f ;b:otf lj:tf/ cleofgnfO{ hf]8tf]8sf ;fy lg/Gt/tf lbg] .

·        g]kfnsf ljleGg :yfgdf /xL ;flxTosf] If]qdf lqmofzLn ;+3 ;+:yfx?;“u ;Dks{ / ;dGjosf] cj:yfnfO{ cem dha'b / k|efjsf/L agfp“b} hfg] .

·        ;flxlTos agef]h sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOg] . o; aif{sf] agef]hnfO{ klg ;ª\udn] g} cfof]hgf ug{ k|oTg ug]{ .

·        ;flxlTos kqsf/ ;+3sf] s]Gb|Lo e]nf kj{tsf] ;b/d'sfd s'Zdfdf cfof]hgf ug{ ;+:yfn] cfof]hssf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ .

·        g]kfnL ;flxTofsf;nfO{ yk km/flsnf] agfpgsf nflu cd"No of]ubfg lbg] s'g} Pshgf d"w{Go ;|:6fsf] ;Demgfdf x/]s jif{ c~rn:t/Lo ;flxlTos sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ug]{ .

·        o; jif{ klg e"kL hoGtL dgfpgsf nflu ;ª\udsf] cu'jfO{df d':tfª lhNnfsf] 6's'r] l:ylt e"kLsf] hGdynf]df uO{ ;flxlTos sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ug]{ . o; k|of]hgsf nflu afun'ª, DofUbL / d':tfªsf ;flxlTos ;+3 ;+:yf / ;|i6fx?;“u ;Dks{ ;dGjo :yflkt ug]{ .

·        ;ª\udsf] sfof{no Joj:yfkgsf nflu cfjZos ;|f]t ;fwg h'6fO{ oyf;Dej rf“8f] Jojl:yt 9+un] sfof{no ;~rfngsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

·        cfjZos cfly{s ;|f]tsf] k|jGw u/L ;ª\udsf ;b:o ldqx?sf pTs[i7 ;flxlTos s[lt k|sfzgsf] Joj:yf ug{ kxn ug]{ .

·        cfkm\g} tyf cGo ;flxlTos ;|i6fx?sf k|sflzt s[ltx?sf] ljdf]rg sfo{qmdx?sf] cfof]hgf ug]{ tyf ljleGg ufp“, ljBfno tyf SofDk;x?df 3'DtL -ofqf ;flxTo_ ;flxlTos sfo{qmdx?sf] cfof]hgf ug{ yfngL ug]{ .

·        ljleGg ljwfsf ;flxTo ;|i6fx?nfO{ ;Ddfg tyf k'/:sf/ k|bfg ug]{ s'[/fnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lb+b} hfg] .

·        gof“ n]vs, ;h{s, snfsf/ tyf ;flxTosf/x?nfO{ l;h{gfdf nfUg] pko'Qm cj;/ k|bfg ug{ cfjZos kxn ug]{ .

·        ljleGg ljwfdf ;flxlTos uf]i7L, ;]ldgf/, ;Dd]ng tyf tflndx?sf] cfof]hgf ug]{ .

(= kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] kf“rf} clwj]zg tyf ;fwf/0f ;ef

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] kf“rf} clwj]zg tyf ;fwf/0f ;ef ldlt @)^& ;fn a}zfv $ ut] kj{t lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd s'Zdfl:yt gd'gf cfjf;Lo dfWolds ljBfnosf] ;efxndf eAotfsf ;fy ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;Dd]ngaf6 gof“ sfo{ ;ldlt lgdf{0f x'g'sf ;fy} ;ª\udsf cfufdL sfo{qmdx? kfl/t ug]{ sfo{ ePsf] 5 . clwj]zgdf ;DkGg ul/Psf s]xL d'Vo–d'Vo lqmofsnfknfO{ tk;Ln adf]lhd ;'qa4 ul/Psf] 5 .

!=      kf“rf} clwj]zg tyf ;fwf/0f ;efsf] pb\3f6g ;q ;ª\udsf cWoIf OGb|dfg vqLsf] cWoIftfdf z'? eO{ pkfWoIf 6'sgfy /]UdLsf] :jfut dGtAo tyf ;lrj /fh]Gb| kxf8Lsf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg ul/Psf] lyof] . clwj]zgsf] pb\3f6g DofUbL ;flxTo ;dfhsf cWoIf tyf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf al/i6td\ ;Nnfxsf/ w|'jnfn zdf{n] kfg;df bLk k|Hjng u/L ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

@=      pb\3f6g ;qsf] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ kf6f]sf] ?kdf ;|i6f ;Ddfg tyf clegGbg sfo{qmd /flvPsf] lyof] . h; cg';f/ kj{t lhNnfdf /xL lgs} nfdf] ;dob]lv ;flxTo l;h{gfdf cgj/t lqmofzLn kfsf ;|i6f tyf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf al/i6 ;b:o nIdL/fh zdf{ kf}8]nnfO{ km"ndfnf, cla/, bf];Nnf, vfbf / ;Ddfg–kqn] eJotfk"j{s ;Ddfg tyf clegGbg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;h{s nIdL/fh zdf{ kf}8]nnfO{ xflb{s ;Ddfg ck{0f ug]{ JolQmTjx?df k|d'v cltly w|'jnfn zdf{, ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L t'n;L kf}8]n, cWoIf OGb|dfg vqL, pkfWoIf 6'sgfy /]UdL, ;+/Ifs OGb|s'df/ ljsNk, ;x–k|fWofks nIdLk|;fb zdf{, ;flxTosf/ bfdf]b/ 3tfg], lgj[Q lzIfs ;dfhsf cWoIf afa'/fd ;'j]bL, g]kfn ;fd'bflos pRr dflj lzIfs o'lgogsf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf b]j zdf{, gf/L ;|i6f x]df sfsL{, dfntL vqL nufotsf JolQmx? x'g'x'GYof] .

#=      pb\3f6g ;qdf ;Ddflgt JolQmTj nIdL/fh zdf{, kj{t lhNnfsf ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L tyf ;flxTosf/ t'n;L kf}8]n, kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;+/Ifs OGb|s'df/ ljsNk, ;x–k|fWofks nIdLk|;fb zdf{, DofUb]nL ;flxTosf/ bfdf]b/ 3tfg], o'jf n]lvsf dfntL vqL nufotsf JolQmTjx?n] dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . o;sf ;fy} y'k|} slj tyf sjloqLx?n] cf–cfkm\gf /rgf ;d]t afrg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

$=     ljxfg * ah]b]lv ;'? ePsf] pb\3f6g ;q sl/a !!=#) ah] ;dfkg eO{ vfgf vfPkl5 k'gM aGb ;qsf] sfo{qmd ;'? ul/Psf] lyof] . ;ª\udsf cWoIf OGb|dfg vqLsf] cWoIftfdf ;'? ePsf] aGb zqdf df}h'bf sfo{;ldltsf] tkm{af6 ;lrj /fh]Gb| kxf8Ln] ;fª\u7lgs k|ult k|ltj]bg / sf]iffWoIfsf] tkm{af6 cfly{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . k|:t't k|ltj]bgdfly aGb ;qsf ;ef;b\x?n] a[xt 5nkmn u/L kfl/t ul/Psf] lyof] eg] clwj]zgnfO{ eAotfk"j{s ;DkGg ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] cWoIf OGb|dfg vqL, gd'gf cfjf;Lo dflj tyf cGo k|ToIf ck|ToIf ;+3;+:yf / JolQmnfO{ wGojfb JoQm ug]{ k|:tfj klg kfl/t ul/Psf] lyof] . o;} u/L ;ª\udsf] cfly{s cj:yf dha'b kfg{sf nflu lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt kj{tdf k|:tfj k]z ug]{ ;d]t k|:tfj kfl/t ul/Psf] lyof] .

%=      aGb ;qn] ;flxTosf/ bfdf]b/ 3tfg]sf] ;+of]hsTjdf b]j zdf{ / x]df sfsL{ /x]sf] tLg ;b:oLo lgjf{rg d08n u7g u/]kZrft cWoIf OGb|dfg vqLn] df}h'bf sfo{;ldlt lj36g ePsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{ePsf] lyof] . To;kl5 kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] ljwfgsf] clwgdf /xL aGb ;qn] !! ;b:oLo gof“ sfo{;ldlt ;j{;Ddltn] rog u/]sf] lyof] . gj–lgjf{lrt sfo{;ldltsf] tkm{af6 cWoIf OGb|dfg vqLn] k|lta4tf dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] eg] sfo{;ldlt rogkZrft aGb ;qsf] ;dfKtL;“u} /rgfjfrg sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOPsf] lyof] . /rgfjfrg sfo{qmddf sl/a @) hgf slj tyf sjloqLx?n] cf–cfkm\gf] /rgf afrg u/]sf lyP .

!)= lgZsif{ M

w]/}sf] b[li6sf]0fdf ;flxTo sd{ a]sf/sf] e'ne'\n}of xf]nf, h;n] ;h{ssf] af}n7\7Lkgf phfu/ u/]sf] xf];\ . s;}sf] dtdf ;flxTo cN5L, s'/f}6], sfd gkfPsf, ukmf8L / st} glas]sfx?sf] pkh 7xl/Psf] xf];\ . s;}sf] b[li6df ;flxTo l;h{gf ;r]t gful/sx?sf] lhDd]jf/ cleJolQmsf] dfWod a'lemPsf] xf];\ . a;\, ljrf/, ;dem / x]/fO{ cf–cfkm\gf x'g ;S5g\ . cfwf kfgL ePsf] lunf;nfO{ s;}n] cfwf el/Psf] b]Vnf, s;}n] cfwf vfnL b]Vnf . km/s–km/s sf]0faf6 x]g{ kfpg' JolQmsf] :jtGqtfleqsf] s'/f xf] . ;flxTo /rgfnfO{ klg xfd|f] ;dfhdf k[ys–k[ys kf6f]af6 ljZn]if0f ug{ ?rfpg]x?sf] afSnf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] 5 . h;n] ;flxTonfO{ ;sf/fTds cf“vfn] x]5{g\ ltgn] xfdLnfO{ xf}:ofO{/x]sf x'G5g\, hf]:ofO{ /x]sf x'G5g\ . ltgsf] pmhf{ kfP/ xfdL km'n]n x'G5f}+ / l;h{gf u5f}{ . csf{y/L hf] ;flxTonfO{ 3[0ff u5{g\, a]sf/ b]V5g\ / b'Tsf5{g\ ltgsf] cf]7 r]Kk|]ofO{n] xfdL ulnt x'G5f}+, 7G8f x'G5f}+ . ltgsf] lt/:sf/n] km]/L klg xfdLnfO{ n]Vg} pS;fO{/x]sf] x'G5 . lsgsL n]vs, lrGts / ;|:6fx? k|lts'ntfdf cg's'ntf, c;lhnf]df ;lhnf], c;xhdf ;xh vf]Hg vlKk; x'G5g\ . zfob xfdL klg ToxL lsQfsf c+lzof/ aGg rfxfG5f}+ .

cj:yf h];'s} ePklg, cfd a'emfO{ h]h:tf] ePklg hf] ePsf] oyfy{nfO{ cfTd;fy u/]/ kj{t lhNnf ;b/d'sfd s'Zdfsf] Pp6f ;fgf] sf]7Lsf] efO;Nnfxn] :yfkgf ePsf] kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\ud cfh !# jif]{ nSsf hjfg ePsf] 5 . cfhsf] gf}hjfg ;ª\udn] y'k|} ef]6f km6fn]sf] 5, hf8f] ;x]sf] 5, a;Gtdf /dfPsf] 5 . o;n] s}og cJoQm v'zL sdfPsf] xf]nf / cgluGtL b'Mvsf lbg sf6]sf] xf]nf . hlt sx/ sf6]/ ePklg b'Mv;“u v'zL ;f6\g o;n] s}No} la;]{g . b}glGbg r6f/f]af6 km";{b lgsfn]/ /rgf u/]sf ;flxTo l;h{gfx? k|sfzg ug{ gkfP/ ef}+tfl/Psf y'k|} sndsdL{x?nfO{ o;n] Gofgf] cf]t lbPsf] 5 . k9\g rfxg] kf7sx?nfO{ cfkm";“u pknAw ;|f]t lbPsf] 5 . o;n] cfkm" l/lQP/} ePklg slnnf / kfsfk'/fgf ;|i6fx?nfO{ el/e/fp agfpg Kn]6kmd{ pknAw u/fPsf] 5 .

slt k9]/ hflgof] xf]nf, slt k/]/ hflgof] xf]nf / slt u/]/ hflgof] xf]nf . ub}{ l;Sb} ug]{ qmddf kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udn] klg cfkm"nfO{ kl/:s[t / kl/dflh{t ub}{ NofPsf] 5 . xfdL cfkm} hfGg] a'em\g] e};s]sf 5}gf}+ . xfdLnfO{ /rgfTds ;'emfj, ;Nnfx / k[i7kf]if0f lbO/xg'xf]nf eGg] xfdL cf;f ub{5f}+ . ;flxTosf] r'gf}ltk"0f{ lzv/ cf/f]x0f ug]{ xfd|f] clenf;fdf y'k|} klysx?n] ;fy lbg'ePsf] 5 . slt ;fyLx? k|f/Deb]lv lyof}+, slt kl5 ylkof}+, slt cfhklg ylk+b} 5f}+ . yf]kf–yf]kf ldn]/ 3}nf eg]{ xfd|f] cleofgdf xf]:6]df x};} ug]{ tdfd\ ;flxTo;]jL ;h{shgdf xflb{s ;nfd ub{5f}+ . gfd}n] xfdL ;ª\ud xf}+, cyf{t ;a}sf] la;fpg] ynf], ldnglaGb' . oxf“ ;a} c6fp“5f}+, of] rf}tf/Lsf] zLtn tfKg ;a}nfO{ plQs} xs nfU5 . st} rf}tf/Lsf] l8n eTs]sf] eP, 9'Ëf pKs]sf] eP ;h\;fh kf/]/ ePklg a:g'k5{ . gof“ O§f yKg'kg]{ ePklg yKg'k5{, gof“ j/–lkkn ;fg'{kg]{ ePklg ;fg'{k5{ . of] ynf]nfO{ kj{t]nL ;flxTo If]qsf] kl/ro agfpg] Wo]odf tkfO{+sf] ;fy, ;dy{g / ;b\efj ck]lIft 5 . tkfO{+sf] ;flxlTos dg dl:tis of] ;femf rf}tf/Ldf la;fpg cjZo kfNg'xf]nf . kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] b}nf] tkfO{+sf nflu ;w}+ v'Nnf 5 . hwf}+ ..

!!= kl/lzi6

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;+:yfksx? -@)%$–@)%^_

cWoIf M OGb|s'df/ ljsNk

pkfWoIf M 6'sgfy /]UdL

;lrj M OGb|dfg vqL

sf]iffWoIf M ;'eGtgfy ;'j]bL

;b:o M nIdL/fh zdf{ kf}8]n

;b:o M ;fwgf k|tLIff

;b:o M u0f]zs'df/ lh;L

;b:o M uf]ljGb kxf8L

;b:o M uf]kfnrGb| nfld5fg]

;b:o M xl/axfb'/ nfld5fg]

;b:o M an/fd >]i7

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] bf];|f] clwj]zgaf6 lgjf{lrt sfo{;ldlt -@)%&–@)%(_

cWoIf M OGb|s'df/ ljsNk

pkfWoIf M 6'sgfy /]UdL

;lrj M OGb|dfg vqL

sf]iffWoIf M ;'eGtgfy ;'j]bL

;b:o M nIdL/fh zdf{ kf}8]n

;b:o M ;fwgf k|tLIff

;b:o M u0f]zs'df/ lh;L

;b:o M uf]ljGb kxf8L

;b:o M uf]kfnrGb| nfld5fg]

;b:o M xl/axfb'/ nfld5fg]

;b:o M an/fd >]i7

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] t];|f] clwj]zgaf6 lgjf{lrt sfo{;ldlt -@)^)–@)^@_

cWoIf M OGb|s'df/ ljsNk

pkfWoIf M 6'sgfy /]UdL

;lrj M OGb|dfg vqL

sf]iffWoIf M /fh]Gb| kxf8L

;b:o M nIdL/fh zdf{ kf}8]n

;b:o M u0f]zs'df/ lh;L

;b:o M ;'eGtgfy ;'j]bL

;b:o M uf]ljGb kxf8L

;b:o M s[i0ffb]jL zdf{ >]i7

;b:o M uf]kfnrGb| nfld5fg]

;b:o M ;/:jtL zdf{ lh1f;'

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] rf}yf] clwj]zgaf6 lgjf{lrt sfo{;ldlt -@)^#–@)^%_

cWoIf M OGb|dfg vqL

pkfWoIf M 6'sgfy /]UdL

;lrj M /fh]Gb| kxf8L

sf]iffWoIf M ;/:jtL zdf{

;b:o M nIdL/fh zdf{ kf}8]n

;b:o M if8fgGb kf}8\ofn

;b:o M u0f]zs'df/ lh;L

;b:o M ;'eGtgfy ;'j]bL

;b:o M ab|Lgf/fo0f kf}8]n

;b:o M eQm sfsL{

;b:o M df]x/fh zdf{ jfUn]

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] kf“rf}+ clwj]zgaf6 lgjflr{t sfo{;ldlt -@)^^–@)^*_

cWoIf M OGb|dfg vqL

pkfWoIf M 6'sgfy /]UdL

;lrj M /fh]Gb| kxf8L

;x–;lrj M a}ejbLk >]i7

sf]iffWoIf M x]df sfsL{ …s~rgÚ

;b:o M ;'eGtgfy ;'j]bL

;b:o M gj/fh zdf{ …;Gb]zÚ

;b:o M /fds[i0f zdf{

;b:o M 8Lcf/ zdf{

;b:o M dfntL vqL

;b:o M dg' ;'j]bL

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;+/Ifs ;b:o

OGb|s'df/ ljsNk

kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt

nIdLk|;fb zdf{

if8fgGb kf}8\ofn

nIdL/fh zdf{ kf}8]n

nfnrGb| /fhe08f/L

w'|jnfn zdf{

eQm sfsL{

bfdf]b/ l/hfn

df]x/fh zdf{ jfUn]

kmf]6f]df kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\ud -pNn]Vo ultljlw emNsg]_

;+:yf btf{sf] k|df0fkq

sfnLsf] ;';]nL / afn ;';]nL btf{sf] k|df0fkq

;+:yfksx?sf] kmf]6f]

jt{dfg sfo{;ldltsf] kmf]6f] -;+/Ifs / ;Nnfxsf/ ;lxt_

;Gbe{ ;fdu|Lx? M

!= …sfnLsf] ;';]nLÚsf ljleGg cÍx?

@= …afn ;';]nLÚsf ljleGg cÍx?

#= …rf}tf/LÚsf ljleGg cÍx?

$= kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf ;+:yfks cWoIf OGb|s'df/ ljsNk, pkfWoIf 6'sgfy /]UdL / ;lrj OGb|dfg vqL;“usf] k|ToIf                s'/fsfgL

%= kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] ljleGg a}7ssf lg0f{o k'l:tsfx?

^= agef]h sfo{qmdsf a}7s tyf pkl:ylt k'l:tsfx?

&= df]bLsfnL, cledt / wf}nflul/ kf]i6 ;fKtflxssf ljleGg cÍx?

*= kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] cfuGt's k'l:tsf

(= g]kfnL ;flxTosf] ljsf;df kj{t ;flxTo ;ª\udsf] of]ubfg, ;f]wkq– @)^%, ;f]wstf{M 3g:ofd kf}8]n